Zioui Djamila, Martins Pedro Manuel, Aoudjit Lamine, Salazar Hugo, Lanceros-Méndez Senentxu
Unité de Développement des Équipements Solaires (UDES), Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables (CDER), Bou Ismail 42415, Algeria.
Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Feb 24;15(5):1143. doi: 10.3390/polym15051143.
Over the last decades, the growing contamination of wastewater, mainly caused by industrial processes, improper sewage, natural calamities, and a variety of anthropogenic activities, has caused an increase in water-borne diseases. Notably, industrial applications require careful consideration as they pose significant threats to human health and ecosystem biodiversity due to the production of persistent and complex contaminants. The present work reports on the development, characterization, and application of a poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) porous membrane for the remediation of a wide range of contaminants from wastewater withdrawn from industrial applications. The PVDF-HFP membrane showed a micrometric porous structure with thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability and a hydrophobic nature, leading to high permeability. The prepared membranes exhibited simultaneous activity on the removal of organic matter (total suspended and dissolved solids, TSS, and TDS, respectively), the mitigation of salinity in 50%, and the effective removal of some inorganic anions and heavy metals, achieving efficiencies around 60% for nickel, cadmium, and lead. The membrane proved to be a suitable approach for wastewater treatment, as it showed potential for the simultaneous remediation of a wide range of contaminants. Thus, the as-prepared PVDF-HFP membrane and the designed membrane reactor represent an efficient, straightforward, and low-cost alternative as a pretreatment step for continuous treatment processes for simultaneous organic and inorganic contaminants' remediation in real industrial effluent sources.
在过去几十年中，废水污染日益严重，主要由工业生产过程、不当污水处理、自然灾害以及各种人为活动造成，导致水传播疾病增多。值得注意的是，工业应用需要仔细考量，因为其产生的持久性和复杂污染物对人类健康和生态系统生物多样性构成重大威胁。本工作报道了一种聚（偏二氟乙烯 - 六氟丙烯）（PVDF - HFP）多孔膜的开发、表征及应用，该膜用于处理从工业应用中排出的废水中的多种污染物。PVDF - HFP膜呈现出微米级多孔结构，具有热稳定性、化学稳定性和机械稳定性以及疏水性，从而具有高渗透性。制备的膜在去除有机物（分别为总悬浮固体和溶解固体，即TSS和TDS）、降低50%的盐度以及有效去除一些无机阴离子和重金属方面同时具有活性，对镍、镉和铅的去除效率达到60%左右。该膜被证明是一种适合废水处理的方法，因为它显示出同时修复多种污染物的潜力。因此，所制备的PVDF - HFP膜和设计的膜反应器作为一种高效、直接且低成本的替代方案，可作为实际工业废水源中同时去除有机和无机污染物的连续处理过程的预处理步骤。
