Department of Digital Systems, School of Technology, University of Thessaly, Geopolis Campus, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38221 Volos, Greece.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Feb 22;23(5):2436. doi: 10.3390/s23052436.
Channel coding is a fundamental procedure in wireless telecommunication systems and has a strong impact on the data transmission quality. This effect becomes more important when the transmission must be characterised by low latency and low bit error rate, as in the case of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services. Thus, V2X services must use powerful and efficient coding schemes. In this paper, we thoroughly examine the performance of the most important channel coding schemes in V2X services. More specifically, the impact of use of 4th-Generation Long-Term Evolution (4G-LTE) turbo codes, 5th-Generation New Radio (5G-NR) polar codes and low-density parity-check codes (LDPC) in V2X communication systems is researched. For this purpose, we employ stochastic propagation models that simulate the cases of line of sight (LOS), non-line of sight (NLOS) and line of sight with vehicle blockage (NLOSv) communication. Different communication scenarios are investigated in urban and highway environments using the 3rd-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) parameters for the stochastic models. Based on these propagation models, we investigate the performance of the communication channels in terms of bit error rate (BER) and frame error rate (FER) performance for different levels of signal to noise ratio (SNR) for all the aforementioned coding schemes and three small V2X-compatible data frames. Our analysis shows that turbo-based coding schemes have superior BER and FER performance than 5G coding schemes for the vast majority of the considered simulation scenarios. This fact, combined with the low-complexity requirements of turbo schemes for small data frames, makes them more suitable for small-frame 5G V2X services.
信道编码是无线电信系统中的基本过程，对数据传输质量有很大的影响。当传输必须具有低延迟和低误码率的特点，如在车对一切（V2X）服务中，这种影响就变得更加重要。因此，V2X 服务必须使用强大和高效的编码方案。在本文中，我们彻底研究了 V2X 服务中最重要的信道编码方案的性能。更具体地说，研究了 4G 长期演进（4G-LTE）turbo 码、5G 新无线电（5G-NR）极化码和低密度奇偶校验码（LDPC）在 V2X 通信系统中的应用的影响。为此，我们采用了随机传播模型来模拟视距（LOS）、非视距（NLOS）和视距车辆阻塞（NLOSv）通信的情况。在城市和高速公路环境中，使用 3GPP 参数对不同的通信场景进行了研究。基于这些传播模型，我们研究了不同信噪比（SNR）水平下所有上述编码方案和三个小 V2X 兼容数据帧的通信信道在误码率（BER）和帧误码率（FER）性能方面的性能。我们的分析表明，对于所考虑的大多数仿真场景，基于 turbo 的编码方案在 BER 和 FER 性能方面优于 5G 编码方案。这一事实，加上 turbo 方案对小数据帧的低复杂度要求，使得它们更适合于小数据帧的 5G V2X 服务。
