Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Medical Research Department, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
AIDS Behav. 2023 May;27(Suppl 1):24-49. doi: 10.1007/s10461-023-04021-3. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
Implementation science (IS) uses systematic methods to close gaps between research and practice by identifying and addressing barriers to implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs). To reach UNAIDS HIV targets, IS can support programs to reach vulnerable populations and achieve sustainability. We studied the application of IS methods in 36 study protocols that were part of the Adolescent HIV Prevention and Treatment Implementation Science Alliance (AHISA). Protocols focused on youth, caregivers, or healthcare workers in high HIV-burden African countries and evaluated medication, clinical and behavioral/social EBIs. All studies measured clinical outcomes and implementation science outcomes; most focused on early implementation outcomes of acceptability (81%), reach (47%), and feasibility (44%). Only 53% used an implementation science framework/theory. Most studies (72%) evaluated implementation strategies. Some developed and tested strategies, while others adapted an EBI/strategy. Harmonizing IS approaches allows cross study learning and optimization of delivery of EBIs and could support attainment of HIV goals.
实施科学（IS）采用系统方法，通过识别和解决实施基于证据的干预措施（EBIs）的障碍，缩小研究与实践之间的差距。为了实现联合国艾滋病规划署的艾滋病毒目标，实施科学可以支持针对弱势群体的项目，并实现可持续性。我们研究了在青少年艾滋病毒预防和治疗实施科学联盟（AHISA）的 36 项研究方案中应用实施科学方法的情况。这些方案侧重于艾滋病毒负担高的非洲国家的青年、照顾者或医疗保健工作者，并评估药物、临床和行为/社会 EBIs。所有研究都测量了临床结果和实施科学结果；大多数研究侧重于可接受性（81%）、覆盖范围（47%）和可行性（44%）等早期实施结果。只有 53%的研究使用了实施科学框架/理论。大多数研究（72%）评估了实施策略。有些研究制定和测试了策略，而另一些则调整了 EBI/策略。协调实施科学方法可以促进跨研究学习和优化 EBIs 的提供，并有助于实现艾滋病毒目标。
