Entezari Maliheh, Yousef Abad Ghazaleh Gholamiyan, Sedghi Behnaz, Ettehadi Reyhaneh, Asadi Shafagh, Beiranvand Razieh, Haratian Negar, Karimian Seyedeh Sara, Jebali Ali, Khorrami Ramin, Zandieh Mohammad Arad, Saebfar Hamidreza, Hushmandi Kiavash, Salimimoghadam Shokooh, Rashidi Mohsen, Taheriazam Afshin, Hashemi Mehrdad, Ertas Yavuz Nuri
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Res. 2023 May 15;225:115673. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115673. Epub 2023 Mar 10.
The application of nanoarchitectures in cancer therapy seems to be beneficial for the delivery of antitumor drugs. In recent years, attempts have been made to reverse drug resistance, one of the factors threatening the lives of cancer patients worldwide. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are metal nanostructures with a variety of advantageous properties, such as tunable size and shape, continuous release of chemicals, and simple surface modification. This review focuses on the application of GNPs for the delivery of chemotherapy agents in cancer therapy. Utilizing GNPs results in targeted delivery and increased intracellular accumulation. Besides, GNPs can provide a platform for the co-delivery of anticancer agents and genetic tools with chemotherapeutic compounds to exert a synergistic impact. Furthermore, GNPs can promote oxidative damage and apoptosis by triggering chemosensitivity. Due to their capacity for providing photothermal therapy, GNPs can enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents against tumor cells. The pH-, redox-, and light-responsive GNPs are beneficial for drug release at the tumor site. For the selective targeting of cancer cells, surface modification of GNPs with ligands has been performed. In addition to improving cytotoxicity, GNPs can prevent the development of drug resistance in tumor cells by facilitating prolonged release and loading low concentrations of chemotherapeutics while maintaining their high antitumor activity. As described in this study, the clinical use of chemotherapeutic drug-loaded GNPs is contingent on enhancing their biocompatibility.
纳米结构在癌症治疗中的应用似乎有利于抗肿瘤药物的递送。近年来，人们试图逆转耐药性，这是威胁全球癌症患者生命的因素之一。金纳米颗粒（GNPs）是具有多种有利特性的金属纳米结构，如可调节的尺寸和形状、化学物质的持续释放以及简单的表面修饰。本综述重点关注GNPs在癌症治疗中用于递送化疗药物的应用。利用GNPs可实现靶向递送并增加细胞内积累。此外，GNPs可为抗癌药物和基因工具与化疗化合物的共递送提供一个平台，以发挥协同作用。此外，GNPs可通过触发化学敏感性来促进氧化损伤和细胞凋亡。由于其具有提供光热疗法的能力，GNPs可增强化疗药物对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性。对pH、氧化还原和光响应的GNPs有利于在肿瘤部位释放药物。为了实现对癌细胞的选择性靶向，已对GNPs进行了配体表面修饰。除了提高细胞毒性外，GNPs还可通过促进长时间释放和负载低浓度化疗药物，同时保持其高抗肿瘤活性，来防止肿瘤细胞产生耐药性。如本研究所述，负载化疗药物的GNPs的临床应用取决于提高其生物相容性。
