Sanson Mevagh, Risløv Staugaard Søren, Barzykowski Krystian
School of Psychology, The University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 9, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Conscious Cogn. 2023 Apr;110:103491. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2023.103491. Epub 2023 Mar 10.
People can remember experiences from their past, either deliberately or spontaneously-that is, memories can be voluntarily or involuntarily retrieved. People tend to report that their voluntary and involuntary memories have different properties. But people's reports about their mental phenomena can be open to bias or mistaken, shaped in part by their lay beliefs about those phenomena. Therefore, we investigated what laypeople believe about the properties of their voluntarily- and involuntarily-retrieved memories-and how well those beliefs align with the literature. We adopted a funnelled approach, progressively giving subjects more information about the kinds of retrievals of interest and asking them about the typical properties of those retrievals. We found that laypeople have some beliefs that align well with the literature, and others that align less well. Our findings suggest that researchers should consider how their experimental conditions may shape their subjects' reports about voluntary and involuntary memories.
人们能够有意或自发地回忆起过去的经历——也就是说，记忆可以被主动或被动地提取。人们倾向于报告他们的主动和被动记忆具有不同的特性。但是人们对自己心理现象的报告可能存在偏差或错误，部分是由他们对这些现象的外行信念塑造的。因此，我们调查了外行人士对他们主动和被动提取的记忆特性的看法——以及这些看法与文献的契合程度。我们采用了一种漏斗式方法，逐步向受试者提供更多关于感兴趣的提取类型的信息，并询问他们这些提取的典型特性。我们发现外行人士的一些看法与文献契合度高，而另一些则契合度较低。我们的研究结果表明，研究人员应该考虑他们的实验条件如何影响受试者关于主动和被动记忆的报告。
