Edzie Emmanuel Kobina Mesi, Dzefi-Tettey Klenam, Brakohiapa Edmund Kwakye, Abdulai Abubakari Bawah, Kekessie Kafui Kossi, Aidoo Eric, Amoah Stephen, Boadi Evans, Kpobi Joshua Mensah, Quarshie Frank, Edzie Richard Ato, Kusodzi Henry, Asemah Abdul Raman
Department of Medical Imaging, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Radiology, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Oman Med J. 2023 Jan 31;38(1):e459. doi: 10.5001/omj.2023.36. eCollection 2023 Jan.
We sought to determine the clinical presentations and ultrasonographic features of uterine fibroids in adult Ghanaians.
Between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2021, 4279 ultrasound-confirmed cases of uterine fibroids were retrieved. The data obtained, which included age, clinical presentations, and sonographic features were analyzed. A chi-squared test was done to assess for possible associations between the clinical indications, age distribution, and ultrasonographic features of uterine fibroids.
The mean age of the patients diagnosed with uterine fibroids was 37.1±11.5 years (range = 16-69 years). Routine checkup (n = 1310, 28.1%), menorrhagia (n = 1104, 23.7%), and lower abdominal mass (n = 801, 17.2%) were the leading clinical indications. Dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, and routine checkup were significantly noted in the younger patients ( ≤ 0.001). The majority of the fibroid nodules had smooth regular outline (n = 4125, 96.4%) and were mostly heterogeneous (n = 3282, 76.7%). The echo pattern of the nodules was predominantly hypoechoic (n = 3358, 51.1%) followed by hyperechoic nodules (n = 2554, 38.9%). Degenerative changes accounted for less than one-third of the total fibroid nodules, with the least recorded degenerative change being nodules with cystic areas (n = 55, 5.4%) and the most observed degenerative feature being nodules with rim of calcification and areas of calcified degeneration (n = 965, 94.6%). Almost all the sonographic features were significantly seen in the 30-44 years age category.
Sonographically, uterine fibroids were mostly hypoechoic heterogeneous nodules with a smooth regular outline with a predominant occurrence within women in the fourth to fifth decade of life.
我们试图确定成年加纳人子宫肌瘤的临床表现和超声特征。
在2018年1月1日至2021年12月31日期间，检索出4279例经超声确诊的子宫肌瘤病例。对所获得的数据进行分析，包括年龄、临床表现和超声特征。采用卡方检验来评估子宫肌瘤的临床指征、年龄分布和超声特征之间可能存在的关联。
被诊断为子宫肌瘤的患者平均年龄为37.1±11.5岁（范围 = 16 - 69岁）。常规体检（n = 1310，28.1%）、月经过多（n = 1104，23.7%）和下腹部肿块（n = 801，17.2%）是主要的临床指征。痛经、闭经、月经过多和常规体检在年轻患者中显著多见（≤0.001）。大多数肌瘤结节轮廓光滑规则（n = 4125，96.4%），且大多为不均匀性（n = 3282，76.7%）。结节的回声模式以低回声为主（n = 3358，51.1%），其次是高回声结节（n = 2554，38.9%）。变性改变占肌瘤结节总数的比例不到三分之一，记录最少的变性改变是有囊性区域的结节（n = 55，5.4%），最常见的变性特征是有钙化边缘和钙化变性区域的结节（n = 965，94.6%）。几乎所有超声特征在30 - 44岁年龄组中均显著多见。
在超声检查中，子宫肌瘤大多为低回声不均匀结节，轮廓光滑规则，主要发生在40至50岁的女性中。
