南非孕妇产前贫血的进展情况。

Progression of anaemia during antenatal period among South African pregnant women.

机构信息

Medical Manager, Kwadabeka Community Health Centre, 21 Pitlochry Road, Westville 3629, South Africa.

Senior Research Associate, Management College of Southern Africa Durban, South Africa.

出版信息

Afr Health Sci. 2022 Sep;22(3):81-92. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v22i3.10.

DOI:10.4314/ahs.v22i3.10

PMID:36910363

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9993289/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Anaemia in pregnancy is a known public health problem in South Africa. Maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality are known to be associated with anaemia in pregnancy. Very little is known from literature with regards to the progression of anaemia during the antenatal period of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES

To estimate haemoglobin levels, the prevalence and determinants of anaemia at different gestational ages and to show the trend.

METHOD

A retrospective cohort (follow-up) study was conducted using the antenatal clinic register. Prevalence rates of anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 g/dl) at different gestational ages were measured. Factors associated with anaemia were assessed using chi-square test and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 801 pregnant women were enrolled at the booking visit and followed-up during their antenatal period. The prevalence of anaemia at the booking visit was 37%. The prevalence of anaemia at 20, 26, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation were 36.6%, 39.6%, 39.8% and 29.2% respectively. Binary logistic regression at the booking visit showed that teenage women were 2.5 times more likely to have anaemia (OR=2.5, p=0.005) than older women. Women who booked during the first trimester were 60% less likely to have anaemia (OR= 0.40, P=0.005) at the booking visit and 62% less likely to be anaemic at 36 weeks of gestation (OR=0.38, p=0.013) compared to those who booked late for antenatal care.

CONCLUSION

Prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy was high. Early booking for antenatal care was a predictor for lower rate of anaemia. Thus, health education strategy should be encouraged for early antenatal booking.

摘要

背景

贫血是南非已知的公共卫生问题。孕产妇和围产期发病率和死亡率与妊娠贫血有关。关于妊娠期间贫血的进展，文献中知之甚少。

目的

评估不同妊娠周龄的血红蛋白水平、贫血的患病率和决定因素，并显示其趋势。

方法

使用产前检查登记处进行回顾性队列（随访）研究。测量不同妊娠周龄的贫血（血红蛋白<11g/dl）患病率。使用卡方检验和逐步多变量逻辑回归分析评估与贫血相关的因素。

结果

共有 801 名孕妇在预约就诊时入组，并在其产前期间进行随访。预约就诊时贫血的患病率为 37%。妊娠 20、26、32 和 36 周时贫血的患病率分别为 36.6%、39.6%、39.8%和 29.2%。预约就诊时的二元逻辑回归显示，青少年女性患贫血的可能性是年龄较大女性的 2.5 倍（OR=2.5，p=0.005）。在孕早期预约的女性在预约就诊时发生贫血的可能性降低 60%（OR=0.40，P=0.005），在 36 周时发生贫血的可能性降低 62%（OR=0.38，p=0.013）与晚期预约的女性相比。