Zhang Tao, Yin Si-Fan, Feng Wen-Bo, Ke Chang-Xing
Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Front Surg. 2023 Feb 24;10:1048119. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1048119. eCollection 2023.
Cystitis glandularis is a common bladder epithelial lesion characterized by hyperplasia and metaplasia of the bladder mucosa epithelium. The pathogenesis of cystitis glandularis of the intestinal type is unknown and less common. When cystitis glandularis (intestinal type) is extremely severely differentiated, it is called florid cystitis glandularis (the occurrence is extremely rare).
Both patients were middle-aged men. In patient 1, the lesion was also seen in the posterior wall and was diagnosed more than 1 year ago as cystitis glandularis with urethral stricture. Patient 2 was examined for symptoms such as hematuria and was found to have an occupied bladder; both were treated surgically, and the postoperative pathology was diagnosed as florid cystitis glandularis (intestinal type), with mucus extravasation.
The pathogenesis of cystitis glandularis (intestinal type) is unknown and less common. When cystitis glandularis of the intestinal type is extremely severely differentiated, we call it florid cystitis glandularis. It is more common in the bladder neck and trigone. The clinical manifestations are mainly symptoms of bladder irritation, or hematuria as the main complaint, which rarely leads to hydronephrosis. Imaging is nonspecific and the diagnosis depends on pathology. Surgical excision of the lesion is possible. Due to the malignant potential of cystitis glandularis of intestinal type, postoperative follow-up is required.
腺性膀胱炎是一种常见的膀胱上皮病变，其特征为膀胱黏膜上皮的增生和化生。肠型腺性膀胱炎的发病机制尚不清楚，且较为少见。当肠型腺性膀胱炎出现极度重度分化时，被称为弥漫性腺性膀胱炎（其发生率极低）。
两名患者均为中年男性。患者1的病变位于后壁，1年多前被诊断为腺性膀胱炎伴尿道狭窄。患者2因血尿等症状接受检查，发现膀胱占位；两人均接受了手术治疗，术后病理诊断为弥漫性腺性膀胱炎（肠型），伴有黏液外渗。
肠型腺性膀胱炎的发病机制尚不清楚，且较为少见。当肠型腺性膀胱炎出现极度重度分化时，我们称之为弥漫性腺性膀胱炎。它在膀胱颈和三角区更为常见。临床表现主要为膀胱刺激症状，或以血尿为主诉，很少导致肾积水。影像学表现无特异性，诊断依赖于病理检查。可行手术切除病变。由于肠型腺性膀胱炎具有恶变潜能，术后需要进行随访。
