Zhou Qi, Li Yadong, Li Liya, Sun Nianzhe, Zhang Hanghao, Jiang Jiahui, Du Tao, Mo Yan, Aldeen Alaa, Xiao Runsha, Chen Yiting, Wang Shuanglian, Liu Mian, Li Chengmin, Feng Xueping
Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery, Department of Oncology and Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China.
Chenzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chenzhou 423000, China.
Langmuir. 2023 Mar 28;39(12):4245-4256. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03106. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
There are many treatments for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but none of them are very effective. Radiotherapy is used extensively in NPC treatment, but radioresistance is a major problem. Graphene oxide (GO) has been previously studied in cancer treatment, and this study is aimed to explore its role in radiosensitization of NPC. Therefore, graphene oxide nanosheets were prepared, and the relationship between GO and radioresistance was explored. The GO nanosheets were synthesized by a modified Hummers' method. The morphologies of the GO nanosheets were characterized by field-emission environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The morphological changes and radiosensitivity of C666-1 and HK-1 cells with or without the GO nanosheets were observed by an inverted fluorescence microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Colony formation assay and Western Blot were applied for analysis of NPC radiosensitivity. The as-synthesized GO nanosheets have lateral dimensions (sizes ∼1 μm) and exhibit a thin wrinkled two-dimensional lamellar structure with slight folds and crimped edges (thickness values ∼1 nm). C666-1 cells with the GO was significantly changed the morphology of cells postirradiation. The full field of view visualized by a microscope showed the shadow of dead cells or cell debris. The synthesized graphene oxide nanosheets inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and inhibited the expression of Bcl-2 in C666-1 and HK-1 cells but increased the level of Bax. The GO nanosheets could affect the cell apoptosis and reduce the pro-survival protein Bcl-2 related to the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. The GO nanosheets could enhance radiosensitivity, which might be a radioactive material in NPC cells.
鼻咽癌（NPC）有多种治疗方法，但都不是非常有效。放射疗法在鼻咽癌治疗中被广泛应用，但放射抗性是一个主要问题。氧化石墨烯（GO）此前已在癌症治疗中得到研究，本研究旨在探索其在鼻咽癌放射增敏中的作用。因此，制备了氧化石墨烯纳米片，并探讨了GO与放射抗性之间的关系。GO纳米片通过改进的Hummers法合成。通过场发射环境扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对GO纳米片的形态进行了表征。通过倒置荧光显微镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜（LSCM）观察了有无GO纳米片的C666-1和HK-1细胞的形态变化和放射敏感性。采用集落形成试验和蛋白质免疫印迹法分析鼻咽癌的放射敏感性。合成的GO纳米片具有横向尺寸（大小约为1μm），呈现出薄的褶皱二维层状结构，有轻微褶皱和卷曲边缘（厚度值约为1nm）。添加GO的C666-1细胞在照射后细胞形态发生了显著变化。显微镜下观察到的全视野显示有死亡细胞或细胞碎片的阴影。合成的氧化石墨烯纳米片抑制细胞增殖，促进细胞凋亡，抑制C666-1和HK-1细胞中Bcl-2的表达，但增加了Bax的水平。GO纳米片可影响细胞凋亡，并降低与线粒体内在途径相关的促生存蛋白Bcl-2。GO纳米片可增强放射敏感性，这可能是鼻咽癌细胞中的一种放射性物质。
