Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 May;180:106077. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106077. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
Acute injury to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a complex and challenging clinical need. CNS injury initiates a dynamic neuroinflammatory response, mediated by both resident and infiltrating immune cells. Following the primary injury, dysregulated inflammatory cascades have been implicated in sustaining a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, driving secondary neurodegeneration and the development of lasting neurological dysfunction. Due to the multifaceted nature of CNS injury, clinically effective therapies for conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI), and stroke have proven challenging to develop. No therapeutics that adequately address the chronic inflammatory component of secondary CNS injury are currently available. Recently, B lymphocytes have gained increasing appreciation for their role in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating inflammatory responses in the context of tissue injury. Here we review the neuroinflammatory response to CNS injury with particular focus on the underexplored role of B cells and summarize recent results on the use of purified B lymphocytes as a novel immunomodulatory therapeutic for tissue injury, particularly in the CNS.
中枢神经系统(CNS)的急性损伤仍然是一个复杂且具有挑战性的临床需求。CNS 损伤引发了由固有免疫细胞和浸润免疫细胞共同介导的动态神经炎症反应。在原发性损伤之后,失调的炎症级联反应被认为在维持促炎微环境中起作用,驱动继发性神经退行性变和持久的神经功能障碍的发展。由于 CNS 损伤的多方面性质,开发针对创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、脊髓损伤(SCI)和中风等疾病的临床有效疗法一直具有挑战性。目前尚无充分解决继发性 CNS 损伤慢性炎症成分的治疗方法。最近,B 淋巴细胞因其在维持免疫稳态和调节组织损伤时的炎症反应方面的作用而受到越来越多的关注。在这里,我们重点介绍 CNS 损伤的神经炎症反应,并特别综述 B 细胞作用的研究进展,总结了将纯化的 B 淋巴细胞作为一种新型免疫调节治疗组织损伤,特别是在 CNS 中的应用。