Mijalli Yazmine, Price Paul C, Navarro Samantha P
Department of Psychology, California State University, Fresno, 2576 E San Ramon Ave, Fresno, CA, 93740-8039, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2023 Oct;30(5):1829-1839. doi: 10.3758/s13423-023-02259-5. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
In three experiments, we conceptually replicated and extended the spillover bias in judgments of diversity that was first reported by Daniels et al. (2017, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 139, 92-105). In the first experiment, we showed that judgments of the ethnoracial diversity of groups of people were affected by the gender diversity of those people. In the second experiment, we extended this result to nonsocial stimuli by showing that judgments of the size diversity and size variability of groups of circles were affected by the color diversity of those circles. In the third experiment, we showed that judgments of the ethnoracial diversity of groups of people were affected by the color diversity of a group of circles in the background. These results suggest that diversity spillover bias is an extremely general phenomenon that occurs for both social and nonsocial judgments of diversity and variability. We propose that it occurs because people use the overall perceived diversity in a set of stimuli as a cue to judge diversity on any specific dimension.
在三项实验中，我们从概念上复制并扩展了丹尼尔斯等人（2017年，《组织行为与人类决策过程》，第139卷，第92 - 105页）首次报道的多样性判断中的溢出偏差。在第一个实验中，我们表明对人群群体的种族多样性判断会受到这些人的性别多样性的影响。在第二个实验中，我们将这一结果扩展到非社会刺激上，表明对圆形群体的大小多样性和大小变异性的判断会受到这些圆形的颜色多样性的影响。在第三个实验中，我们表明对人群群体的种族多样性判断会受到背景中一组圆形的颜色多样性的影响。这些结果表明，多样性溢出偏差是一种极其普遍的现象，在对多样性和变异性的社会和非社会判断中都会出现。我们提出，它之所以会出现是因为人们将一组刺激中整体感知到的多样性用作判断任何特定维度上的多样性的线索。
