Clalit Health Service, Akko, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, 13100, Safed, Israel.
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, 13100, Safed, Israel.
J Cancer Educ. 2023 Aug;38(4):1391-1396. doi: 10.1007/s13187-023-02281-0. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus, belonging to the family of Papillomaviridae. It is a highly common infectious agent, which causes one of the most widespread sexually transmitted infections (STIs), involving approximately 20% of sexually active female adolescents and up to 80% of female adults aged 50 years. There exist two major preventative strategies: namely, anti-HPV vaccination and cervical screening. Healthcare providers, including nurses, can play a crucial role in HPV immunization campaigns, counteracting vaccine hesitancy and doing advocacy and counseling. To explore the overall knowledge of HPV and HPV-related issues, as well as the attitudes and practices of Israeli nurses, a modified and adapted, previously validated knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) questionnaire was administered to a sample of 565 participants, 481 female (85.1%) and 84 male (14.9%). Most of them were married (n = 428, 75.8%), with more than 5 years of experience (n = 405, 71.7%), working in the general/internal medicine ward (n = 432, 76.5%), and Jewish (n = 352, 62.3%). Only 87 nurses (15.4%) got vaccinated against HPV. Forty-four (9.1%) of the female nurses never underwent a Pap smear. Higher percentages of right replies were reported only for the item related to available preventative strategies for cervical cancer (82.1% versus 17.9%). Higher percentages of wrong replies were reported for items related to body regions that can be infected by HPV (60.5% versus 39.5%), percentage of girls aged 15-18 years being sexually active (68.0% versus 32.0%). Similar percentages of right and wrong replies were reported for items related to whom the Pap test is recommended (52.7% versus 47.3%), Israeli Ministry of Health's guidelines for anti-HPV vaccination (50.4% versus 49.6%), and percentage of boys aged 15-18 years being sexually active (44.4% versus 55.6%). Concerning the reliability of the third section of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was deemed to be acceptable (α = 0.64). Statistically significant determinants of reporting lower scores in HPV-related attitudes and practices were religion (OR 1.44 [95%CI 1.02-2.04]), and male offspring (OR 1.22 [1.03-1.44]). This study has important implications for policy- and decision-makers in that they should be aware of the overall poor and unsatisfactory level of HPV-related knowledge among Israeli nurses and implement multipronged HPV vaccine promotion programs, taking into account the challenges of a multicultural and diverse society like Israel.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是一种小型、无包膜、双链 DNA 病毒，属于乳头瘤病毒科。它是一种高度常见的传染性病原体，导致最广泛传播的性传播感染（STI）之一，涉及约 20%的活跃女性青少年和多达 80%的 50 岁女性。存在两种主要的预防策略：即 HPV 疫苗接种和宫颈筛查。包括护士在内的医疗保健提供者可以在 HPV 免疫接种运动中发挥关键作用，抵制疫苗犹豫，并进行宣传和咨询。为了探讨以色列护士 HPV 相关知识、态度和实践的总体情况，对 565 名参与者进行了改良和改编的、先前验证的知识、态度和实践（KAP）问卷的调查，其中 481 名女性（85.1%）和 84 名男性（14.9%）。他们大多数已婚（n=428，75.8%），经验超过 5 年（n=405，71.7%），在普通/内科病房工作（n=432，76.5%），是犹太人（n=352，62.3%）。只有 87 名护士（15.4%）接种了 HPV 疫苗。44 名（9.1%）女性护士从未接受过巴氏涂片检查。只有与宫颈癌可用预防策略相关的项目（82.1%对 17.9%）的正确回答比例较高。与 HPV 可感染身体部位相关的项目（60.5%对 39.5%）、15-18 岁女孩的性活跃比例（68.0%对 32.0%）的错误回答比例较高。与谁推荐进行巴氏涂片检查（52.7%对 47.3%）、以色列卫生部 HPV 疫苗接种指南（50.4%对 49.6%）和 15-18 岁男孩的性活跃比例（44.4%对 55.6%）相关的项目，正确和错误回答的比例相似。关于问卷第三部分的可靠性，克朗巴赫 α 被认为是可接受的（α=0.64）。报告 HPV 相关态度和实践得分较低的统计学显著决定因素是宗教（OR 1.44[95%CI 1.02-2.04]）和男性后代（OR 1.22[1.03-1.44]）。这项研究对政策制定者和决策者具有重要意义，因为他们应该意识到以色列护士 HPV 相关知识的总体水平较差且不尽如人意，并实施多方面的 HPV 疫苗推广计划，同时考虑到像以色列这样的多元文化和多样化社会的挑战。
