Rhinology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.
Service of Otolaryngology, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2023 Mar 1;51(2):168-176. doi: 10.15586/aei.v51i2.752. eCollection 2023.
Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting millions of people globally. Some studies revealed the presence of bidirectional relationship between allergic rhinitis (AR) and oral diseases, with each disease having a potential impact on the other. In this study we aimed to systematically review the literature and analyze the available evidence regarding whether AR contributes to the development of dental caries.
Three authors, members of the YO-IFOS rhinology study group, independently analyzed the data sources (Pubmed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SciELO) for papers assessing the relationship between rhinitis and caries, in adult and pediatric patients.
Eight studies met the inclusion criteria (87612 participants). Six studies were performed in children. A total of three studies found an association between AR and dental caries. Only two studies had adjusted the measure of effect for potentially confounding variables. Regarding the quality of the selected studies according to the NICE classification, the most observed methodological limitations detected were: (1) the cross-sectional design of the included studies which could have introduced a simultaneity bias, and (2) not clearly reporting the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
This systematic review can neither confirm nor deny the presence of an association between AR and caries. Despite the evidence is very scarce to conclude a relationship between AR and caries, the option for examining patients with repetitive caries by an otolaryngologist and those with AR by odontologist should be considered, as these examinations do not possess any risk for the patient.
龋齿是影响全球数百万人的最常见慢性疾病之一。一些研究表明过敏性鼻炎（AR）和口腔疾病之间存在双向关系，每种疾病都有可能对另一种疾病产生影响。本研究旨在系统地回顾文献并分析现有证据，以确定 AR 是否有助于龋齿的发生。
三位作者，即 YO-IFOS 鼻科学研究组的成员，独立分析了评估鼻炎与龋齿之间关系的文献资料来源（Pubmed、Cochrane 图书馆、EMBASE、SciELO），包括成年和儿科患者。
八项研究符合纳入标准（87612 名参与者）。其中六项研究在儿童中进行。共有三项研究发现 AR 与龋齿之间存在关联。只有两项研究对潜在混杂变量进行了调整。根据 NICE 分类评估所选研究的质量，最常见的方法学局限性包括：（1）纳入研究的横断面设计可能导致同时性偏倚；（2）未明确报告纳入和排除标准。
本系统评价既不能证实也不能否认 AR 与龋齿之间存在关联。尽管现有证据非常有限，无法得出 AR 和龋齿之间存在关系的结论，但应该考虑对反复发生龋齿的患者由耳鼻喉科医生进行检查，对患有 AR 的患者由口腔科医生进行检查，因为这些检查对患者没有任何风险。
