Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Mar 28;57(12):5079-5088. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05942. Epub 2023 Mar 14.
Nutrient treatment performance of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) is highly variable. Improved nutrient management with BMPs requires a better understanding of factors that influence stormwater BMP treatment processes. We conducted a meta-analysis of vegetated BMPs in the International Stormwater BMP Database and compared influent and effluent nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations to quantify the BMP effect on nutrient management across climates. BMP effect on nutrient concentration change was compared between vegetated BMPs in wet and dry climates. We examined paired dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), total nitrogen (TN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), total phosphorus (TP), and combinations of these analytes as dissolved inorganic ratios and N:P ratios. Meta-analysis with subgroup analysis was used to determine differences between wet and dry climates and among vegetated BMP types. We found that across both wet and dry climates, BMPs leach DIP and TP, increase the fraction of dissolved inorganic P (DIP:TP), and decrease dissolved N:P ratios. Dry-climate BMPs leach DIP and TP more consistently and at a higher magnitude than wet-climate BMPs, and bioretention leaches more DIP than grass strips and swales. These findings generally align with biogeochemical cycling, differences in influent chemistry, and BMP design types and goals.
雨水最佳管理措施（BMPs）的养分处理性能差异很大。要想通过 BMP 更好地管理养分，就需要更好地了解影响雨水 BMP 处理过程的因素。我们对国际雨水 BMP 数据库中的植被 BMP 进行了荟萃分析，并比较了进水和出水的氮磷浓度，以量化 BMP 在不同气候条件下对养分管理的影响。我们比较了湿润和干燥气候条件下植被 BMP 对养分浓度变化的影响。我们检查了溶解无机氮（DIN）、总氮（TN）、溶解无机磷（DIP）、总磷（TP）以及这些分析物的组合作为溶解无机比和 N:P 比。使用荟萃分析和亚组分析来确定湿润和干燥气候之间以及不同植被 BMP 类型之间的差异。我们发现，无论是在湿润气候还是干燥气候条件下，BMP 都会淋洗 DIP 和 TP，增加溶解无机磷的比例（DIP:TP），并降低溶解 N:P 比。与湿润气候的 BMP 相比，干燥气候的 BMP 淋洗 DIP 和 TP 的一致性更高，淋洗量也更大，而生物滞留系统淋洗的 DIP 比草带和洼地更多。这些发现通常与生物地球化学循环、进水化学差异以及 BMP 设计类型和目标一致。
