J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Mar 18;261(S1):S23-S29. doi: 10.2460/javma.22.12.0548. Print 2023 Jun 1.
Food allergy is a recognized clinical entity in dogs and cats and is an important differential to consider in the workup of a pruritic animal. Food can be a trigger factor for canine atopic dermatitis, and food allergy may coexist with feline atopic skin syndrome. Other clinical signs such as urticaria, recurrent pyoderma, and dorsolumbar pruritus can be seen in dogs, and urticaria, conjunctivitis, and respiratory signs can be seen in cats. In both species, gastrointestinal signs may be present. The pathogenesis in dogs and cats is complex and incompletely understood, which limits the development of reliable diagnostic laboratory tests. The diagnosis currently relies on an appropriately performed diet trial with subsequent provocation. This paper briefly reviews food allergies in people and explores our current knowledge of the disorder in dogs and cats.
食物过敏是犬猫中一种公认的临床病症，是瘙痒性动物检查的一个重要鉴别诊断。食物可以作为犬特应性皮炎的诱发因素，食物过敏也可能与猫特应性皮炎综合征共存。在犬中还可见到其他临床症状，如荨麻疹、复发性脓皮病和腰背瘙痒，在猫中可见到荨麻疹、结膜炎和呼吸道症状。在这两个物种中，胃肠道症状可能存在。犬猫的发病机制复杂且尚未完全了解，这限制了可靠的诊断实验室检测的发展。目前的诊断依赖于适当进行的饮食试验和随后的激发试验。本文简要综述了人类的食物过敏，并探讨了目前我们对犬猫这种疾病的了解。
