National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Department of Neurophysiology, Mexico City, Mexico.
National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Epilepsy Service, Mexico City, Mexico.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2023 Jan;81(1):74-80. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1758647. Epub 2023 Mar 14.
Epilepsy is the most common major neurological disorder that affects people of all ages. The prevalence varies from one country to another and even between different areas, due to a lack of access to medical care for reasons related to limited resources.
Epilepsy is a worldwide public health problem that affects more deeply populations living in developing countries such as Mexico, where more aggressive health policies based on epidemiological data are needed; however, this information is scarce and the evolution of this data over time remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to provide an overview of the epidemiology of epilepsy in Mexico from 1970 to 2020.
We searched descriptive epidemiological studies on epilepsy in rural and urban regions of Mexico from 1970 to 2020. Available data on the sociodemographic characteristics, prevalence, and incidence data were extracted. Finally, the abstract, full-text review, and data abstraction were conducted in duplicate and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Descriptive statistics was also used.
Overall, 11 underrepresented and heterogeneous epidemiological studies were included. In total, the prevalence of epilepsy in Mexico is 3.9 to 41:1,000 inhabitants; 3.9 to 41 per 1,000 persons in rural regions, and 3.49 to 44.3 per 1,000 persons in urban regions. None of these studies addressed the incidence of epilepsy. The prevalence of epilepsy in Mexico has remained unchanged during the last 5 decades.
Our results confirm a high prevalence of epilepsy in both urban and rural settings in Mexico that remain unchanged during the last 5 decades. All studies included in the present review showed multiple methodological limitations. New and robust epidemiological studies are needed to delineate the epidemiological profile of epilepsy in Mexico.
癫痫是最常见的影响各年龄段人群的重大神经系统疾病。由于医疗资源有限导致的医疗服务可及性问题，其患病率在不同国家甚至不同地区之间存在差异。
癫痫是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，在墨西哥等发展中国家的影响更为深远，这些国家需要制定更为积极的卫生政策，而这些政策需要基于流行病学数据；然而，此类信息十分匮乏，且该数据的时间演变情况尚不清楚。本研究旨在综述 1970 年至 2020 年墨西哥癫痫的流行病学情况。
我们检索了 1970 年至 2020 年墨西哥城乡地区癫痫的描述性流行病学研究。提取了有关社会人口学特征、患病率和发病率数据。最后，使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了摘要、全文审查和数据提取，报告采用了描述性统计方法。
共纳入了 11 项代表性不足且存在异质性的流行病学研究。总体而言，墨西哥癫痫的患病率为每 1000 居民 3.9 至 41 例；农村地区为每 1000 人 3.9 至 41 例，城市地区为每 1000 人 3.49 至 44.3 例。这些研究均未涉及癫痫的发病率。过去 5 个十年间，墨西哥癫痫的患病率保持不变。
本研究结果证实了墨西哥城乡地区癫痫的高患病率，且过去 5 个十年间患病率保持不变。本综述纳入的所有研究均存在多种方法学局限性。需要开展新的、稳健的流行病学研究以明确墨西哥癫痫的流行病学特征。
