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关爱跨性别者的障碍与挑战:对临床实践的启示及来自一家专业中心的经验

Barriers and Challenges in Caring for Transgender People: Implications for Clinical Practice and the Experience From a Specialized Center.

作者信息

Milionis Charalampos, Koukkou Eftychia

机构信息

Elena Venizelou General Hospital, Athens, Greece

Elena Venizelou General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

出版信息

J Dr Nurs Pract. 2023 Mar 1;16(1):44-53. doi: 10.1891/JDNP-2021-0022.

Abstract

: Transgender people often experience social exclusion and transphobic attitudes, which have an adverse impact on their socioeconomic life and health status. Within health services, -discriminatory practices and mistreatment derive from the lack of cultural competence by -healthcare providers. : This article features existing barriers in the provision of healthcare to transgender populations and suggests approaches to manage the relevant challenges. : A thorough review of the literature was performed, and the operation of a specialized unit wass presented. : Health professionals are often unskilled or unwilling to offer transgender care, while most healthcare service institutions do not offer specialized treatments. Incomplete health insurance coverage and shortages of personal income impede trans individuals' access to healthcare. Certain practices and policies are needed for scientifically and culturally competent services. : The social vulnerability and the unique health needs of transgender persons urgently call for accessible and effective care for gender minority individuals. The integration of gender identity issues into continuous medical and nursing education is a key component of transgender-friendly care. : The integration of diversity as a core value in health services, the ability of health personnel to deliver transgender care, and the provision of insurance coverage solely based on medical needs are necessary steps to achieve social justice in healthcare.

摘要

跨性别者经常遭受社会排斥和恐跨态度,这对他们的社会经济生活和健康状况产生不利影响。在医疗服务中,歧视性做法和虐待行为源于医疗服务提供者缺乏文化能力。本文介绍了为跨性别群体提供医疗服务时存在的现有障碍,并提出了应对相关挑战的方法。进行了全面的文献综述,并介绍了一个专门单位的运作情况。卫生专业人员往往缺乏技能或不愿意提供跨性别者护理,而大多数医疗服务机构不提供专门治疗。医疗保险覆盖不完整和个人收入短缺阻碍了跨性别者获得医疗服务。需要某些做法和政策来提供科学和具有文化能力的服务。跨性别者的社会脆弱性和独特的健康需求迫切需要为性别少数群体提供可及和有效的护理。将性别认同问题纳入持续的医学和护理教育是关爱跨性别者护理的关键组成部分。将多样性作为医疗服务的核心价值观、卫生人员提供跨性别者护理的能力以及仅根据医疗需求提供保险覆盖是在医疗保健中实现社会正义的必要步骤。

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