Single-Atom Gd Nanoprobes for Self-Confirmative MRI with Robust Stability.

Gadolinium (Gd)-based complexes are extensively utilized as contrast agents (CAs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), yet, suffer from potential safety concerns and poor tumor targeting. Herein, as a mimic of Gd complex, single-atom Gd nanoprobes with r and r values of 34.2 and 80.1 mM s (far higher than that of commercial Gd CAs) at 3 T are constructed, which possessed T /T dual-mode MRI with excellent stability and good tumor targeting ability. Specifically, single-atom Gd is anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (Gd-N C) through spatial-confinement method, which is further subjected to controllable chemical etching to afford fully etched bowl-shape Gd-N C (feGd-N C) with hydrophilic properties and defined coordination structure, similar to commercial Gd complex. Such nanostructures not only maximized the Gd site exposure, but also are suitable for self-confirmative diagnosis through one probe with dual-mode MRI. Moreover, the strong electron localization and interaction between Gd and N atoms afforded feGd-N C excellent kinetic inertness and thermal stability (no significant Gd leaching is observed even incubated with Cu and Zn for two months), providing a creative design protocol for MRI CAs.