Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Faculty of Nursing of Gijón, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
J Clin Nurs. 2024 Jan;33(1):357-367. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16688. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
To evaluate changes in compassion fatigue (CF), burnout (BO), compassion satisfaction (CS) and fear of COVID-19 among Spanish nurses by comparing two assessment points: before and after the COVID-19 vaccination campaign.
The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a great impact in healthcare worker's professional quality of life, especially among nurses. CF, BO and fear of COVID-19 decisively affect the care provided by nurses and put them at risk for mental health problems, so longitudinal studies are essential.
A repeated cross-sectional design was carried out with a time-lapse of 12 months.
A total of 439 registered nurses in December 2020 and 410 in December 2021 participated in this study through an online survey. Data were collected using the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Occupational and sociodemographic variables were also analysed. This article adheres to the STROBE guidelines for the reporting of observational studies.
The fear of COVID-19 has not been reduced among nurses. The levels of BO remain stable and continue to be high in half of the professionals. CF has been reduced with a small effect size (d = 0.30), while CS has also decreased (d = 0.30). Positive correlations were found in both assessment points between fear of COVID-19 and BO (r = .44, p ≤ .001; r = .41, p ≤ .001) and also between fear of COVID and CF (r = .57, p ≤ .001; r = .50, p ≤ .001). Negative correlations between fear and CS were also found (r = - .16, p = .001; r = - .22, p ≤ .001).
Programmes to reduce fear of COVID-19, BO and CF are needed to improve mental health and to prevent psychological distress among nurses, as well as to increase CS and preserve the productivity and quality of nursing care.
The nurses collaborated by participating in the present study anonymously and disinterestedly.
通过比较两个评估点，即 COVID-19 疫苗接种运动之前和之后，评估西班牙护士的同情疲劳（CF）、倦怠（BO）、同情满足（CS）和对 COVID-19 的恐惧的变化。
COVID-19 大流行对医护人员的职业生活质量产生了巨大影响，尤其是对护士而言。CF、BO 和对 COVID-19 的恐惧会严重影响护士提供的护理，并使他们面临心理健康问题的风险，因此纵向研究至关重要。
本研究采用重复横断面设计，时间跨度为 12 个月。
共有 439 名注册护士于 2020 年 12 月和 410 名护士于 2021 年 12 月通过在线调查参与了这项研究。使用职业生活质量问卷和对 COVID-19 的恐惧量表收集数据。还分析了职业和社会人口统计学变量。本文遵循 STROBE 报告观察性研究的指南。
护士对 COVID-19 的恐惧并未减少。BO 的水平保持稳定，仍有一半的专业人员的 BO 水平较高。CF 有所减少，且效应量较小（d=0.30），同时 CS 也有所下降（d=0.30）。在两个评估点均发现对 COVID-19 的恐惧与 BO（r=.44，p≤.001；r=.41，p≤.001）以及对 COVID-19 的恐惧与 CF（r=.57，p≤.001；r=.50，p≤.001）之间存在正相关。还发现对 COVID-19 的恐惧与 CS 之间存在负相关（r=-.16，p=.001；r=-.22，p≤.001）。
需要制定方案来减轻对 COVID-19、BO 和 CF 的恐惧，以改善护士的心理健康，预防其心理困扰，并提高 CS，保持护理质量和护士的工作效率。
护士通过匿名和无私地参与本研究做出了贡献。
