School of Health Policy and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 25;12:1426408. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1426408. eCollection 2024.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses encountered substantial infection risks and psychological strain, which severely affected their emotional well-being, professional attitudes, and job performance. This study investigated the impact of nurses' fear of COVID-19 on their intention to leave the occupation and emotional labor as well as the moderating role of the implementation of knowledge management on these primary variables.
To mitigate common method bias, this research adopted a two-phase questionnaire approach, targeting nurses at a medical center in central Taiwan. In the first phase, 300 copies of questionnaire were distributed for participants to complete self-assessment surveys covering fear of COVID-19, knowledge management implementation, and demographic information. After 1 month, the participants were invited to complete a follow-up questionnaire, focusing on the intention to leave the occupation and emotional labor. The questionnaire was conducted from June to July 2022. Through this two-phase distribution method, after exclusion of invalid responses, a total of 288 valid responses were collected, resulting in a response rate of 96%. The proposed hypotheses were verified using hierarchical regression conducted with SPSS version 25.0.
The findings indicated that nurses' fear of COVID-19 was significantly and positively associated with their intention to leave the occupation and surface acting, but negatively associated with their deep acting. Moreover, the implementation of knowledge management significantly moderated the positive relationship among fear of COVID-19, intention to leave the occupation, and surface acting. A robust knowledge management system weakened the positive association among fear of COVID-19, intention to leave the occupation, and surface acting.
In summary, nurses' fear of COVID-19 may increase their tendency to leave the nursing profession and engage in more surface acting and less deep acting. However, effective knowledge management practices can mitigate these adverse effects. Hospitals can thus establish and employ comprehensive knowledge management systems to enhance nurses' resilience and help alleviate their fear of future pandemics and their potential negative repercussions.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，护士面临着巨大的感染风险和心理压力，这严重影响了他们的情绪健康、职业态度和工作表现。本研究调查了护士对 COVID-19 的恐惧对他们离职意愿和情绪劳动的影响，以及知识管理实施对这些主要变量的调节作用。
为了减轻共同方法偏差的影响，本研究采用了两阶段问卷方法，针对台湾中部一家医疗中心的护士。在第一阶段，发放了 300 份问卷，让参与者完成自我评估调查，涵盖对 COVID-19 的恐惧、知识管理实施和人口统计学信息。一个月后，邀请参与者完成后续问卷，重点关注离职意愿和情绪劳动。问卷于 2022 年 6 月至 7 月进行。通过这种两阶段分发方法，排除无效回复后，共收集到 288 份有效回复，回复率为 96%。使用 SPSS 版本 25.0 进行分层回归验证了提出的假设。
研究结果表明，护士对 COVID-19 的恐惧与离职意愿和表面行为呈显著正相关，但与深度行为呈负相关。此外，知识管理的实施显著调节了 COVID-19 恐惧、离职意愿和表面行为之间的正相关关系。一个强大的知识管理系统削弱了 COVID-19 恐惧、离职意愿和表面行为之间的正相关关系。
总之，护士对 COVID-19 的恐惧可能会增加他们离开护理行业的倾向，并增加更多的表面行为和更少的深度行为。然而，有效的知识管理实践可以减轻这些不利影响。医院因此可以建立和采用全面的知识管理系统，增强护士的适应能力，并帮助减轻他们对未来大流行的恐惧及其潜在的负面影响。
