Aging & Health Program, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Can J Diet Pract Res. 2023 Sep 1;84(3):159-166. doi: 10.3148/cjdpr-2022-043. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
It is not known if nutrition risk screening of older adults should be a standard practice in primary care. The evidence in support of nutrition risk screening of older adults in primary care was examined and critically analyzed using an umbrella review. The peer reviewed and grey literature were searched for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and systematic reviews (SRs). Titles and abstracts were independently screened by the two authors. Resources were excluded if they did not apply to older adults, did not discuss nutrition/malnutrition risk screening, or were in settings other than primary care. Full texts were independently screened by both authors, resulting in the identification of six CPGs and three SRs that met the review criteria. Guidelines were appraised with the AGREE II tool and SRs with the AMSTAR 2 tool. The quality of the CPGs was high, while the quality of the SRs was low. The CPGs and SRs acknowledged a lack of high-quality research on the benefits of regular nutrition risk screening for older adults in primary care; however, CPGs recommended annual screening for older adults in primary care practices or other community settings. High-quality research investigating nutrition risk screening of older adults in primary care is needed.
目前尚不清楚老年人的营养风险筛查是否应成为初级保健的标准做法。本研究采用伞式综述的方法，对支持初级保健中老年人群营养风险筛查的证据进行了评估和批判性分析。对同行评审文献和灰色文献进行了检索，以寻找临床实践指南（CPG）和系统评价（SR）。两位作者分别对标题和摘要进行了筛选。如果不符合以下标准，则将资源排除在外：仅适用于老年人、不讨论营养/营养不良风险筛查或不在初级保健环境中的资源。两位作者均独立筛选全文，最终确定了符合审查标准的 6 项 CPG 和 3 项 SR。使用 AGREE II 工具对指南进行评估，使用 AMSTAR 2 工具对 SR 进行评估。CPG 的质量很高，而 SR 的质量较低。CPG 和 SR 都承认，缺乏高质量的研究来证明定期对初级保健中的老年人进行营养风险筛查的益处；然而，CPG 建议在初级保健实践或其他社区环境中对老年人进行年度筛查。需要进行高质量的研究来调查初级保健中老年人群的营养风险筛查。
