Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2023 Oct;32(10):1179-1191. doi: 10.17219/acem/161165.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and represents a high-grade neoplasm of skeletal myoblast-like cells. About 40% of all registered soft tissue tumors are RMSs. This paper describes our current understanding of the RMS subtypes (alveolar (ARMS), embryonic (ERMS), pleomorphic (PRMS), and spindle cell/sclerosing (s/scRMS)), diagnostic methods, molecular bases, and characteristics. We also present the currently used treatment methods and the potential use of natural substances in the treatment of this type of cancer. Natural cytotoxic substances are compounds that have been the subject of numerous studies and discussions in recent years. Since anti-cancer therapies are often limited by a low therapeutic index and cancer resistance to pharmacotherapy, it is very important to search for new, effective compounds. Additionally, compounds of a natural origin are usually readily available and have a reduced cytotoxicity. Thus, the undiscovered potential of natural anti-cancer compounds makes this field of research a very important area. The introduction of model species into research examining the use of natural cytostatic therapies for RMS will allow for further assessment of the effects of these compounds on cancerous and healthy tissues.
横纹肌肉瘤（RMS）是儿童中最常见的软组织肉瘤，代表了骨骼肌母细胞样细胞的高级别肿瘤。约 40%的所有已登记的软组织肿瘤是 RMS。本文介绍了我们目前对 RMS 亚型（肺泡（ARMS）、胚胎（ERMS）、多形性（PRMS）和梭形细胞/硬化（s/scRMS））、诊断方法、分子基础和特征的理解。我们还介绍了目前使用的治疗方法以及天然物质在治疗这种癌症中的潜在用途。天然细胞毒性物质是近年来受到大量研究和讨论的化合物。由于抗癌疗法通常受到治疗指数低和癌症对化疗耐药性的限制，因此寻找新的、有效的化合物非常重要。此外，天然来源的化合物通常易于获得且细胞毒性较低。因此，天然抗癌化合物的未被发现的潜力使该研究领域成为一个非常重要的领域。将模式物种引入研究中，以评估天然细胞抑制剂疗法在 RMS 中的应用，将允许进一步评估这些化合物对癌变组织和健康组织的影响。
