Sun M, Liao L T
Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026,China.
Department of Chinese Language and Literature, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241,China.
Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 2023 Jan 28;53(1):15-21. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20211221-00150.
The Imperial Medical College (Guo Zi Jian Yi Ke) in the Northern Song Dynasty was established for training Confucian physicians. The medical graduates from this college were granted superior official recognition but still received equal opportunities for their career advancement as other graduates for arts. This was partly because medical graduates were not well respected at that time and partly because the then government attempted to encourage more people to learn medicine. On the other hand, this official system seems to have not been successful in the purpose of training Confucian physicians because they were given more opportunities to be granted as governors of states or counties rather than remaining as Confucian physicians. However, the official system for the medical graduates showed the encouragement and the respect to Confucian physicians from the then government. It changed the medical views of upper class and promoted the development of traditional Chinese medicine.
北宋的太医局(国子监医科)是为培养儒医而设立的。该学院的医学毕业生被授予高级官员认可,但在职业晋升方面仍与其他文科毕业生享有平等机会。部分原因是当时医学毕业生不受尊重,部分原因是当时的政府试图鼓励更多人学习医学。另一方面,这种官方制度似乎未能成功实现培养儒医的目的,因为他们获得担任州或县行政长官的机会更多,而不是继续担任儒医。然而,医学毕业生的官方制度显示了当时政府对儒医的鼓励和尊重。它改变了上层阶级的医学观念,促进了中医的发展。