Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Lancet Glob Health. 2023 Apr;11(4):e586-e596. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00041-4.
The proportions and trends in exposure to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertisements among young people remain unknown globally. We determined recent (2010-18) proportions of exposure to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertisements among young adolescents and their secular trends from 1999 to 2018.
In this analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys, we used the most recent data from 142 countries and territories (hereafter referred to as countries) collected between Jan 1, 2010, and Dec 31, 2018, comprising 710 191 participants, to assess the proportions of exposure to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertisements among young adolescents aged 12-16 years. Data from 120 countries that had performed two or more Global Youth Tobacco Surveys between Jan 1, 1999, and Dec 31, 2018, comprising 1 482 031 participants, were used to assess trends in the proportions of exposure to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertisements over time. A χ test analysis was used for proportion comparisons between subgroups. Exposure to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertisements were calculated as proportions using sampling weights, strata, and primary sampling units.
The most recent global proportion of past 30-day exposure to tobacco advertisements among young adolescents was 433 585 (64·6%) of 710 191 (95% CI 63·5-65·7; all final percentages were weighted) for messages on electronic media, 206 766 (33·1%) of 710 191 (31·9-34·4) for exposure at the point of sale, and 63 385 (10·2%) of 710 191 (9·7-10·6) for owning something with a tobacco brand logo. The most recent global proportion of exposure to anti-tobacco advertisements was 431 862 (63·6%) of 710 191 (62·3-64·9) for messages on electronic media and 227 658 (34·1%) of 710 191 (32·8-35·3) for exposure to gathering activities. The majority of included countries showed a decreasing trend in exposure to tobacco advertisements (111 [93%] of 120) and anti-tobacco advertisements (110 [92%] of 120) between 1999 and 2018.
Among young adolescents, exposure to tobacco advertisements remains high, and exposure to anti-tobacco advertisements is not high enough. The proportion of young adolescents exposed to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertisements had decreased over time in the majority of included countries. These findings underscore the importance of strict implementation of regulation on tobacco control including strengthening anti-tobacco marketing and prohibiting tobacco marketing.
Youth Team of Humanistic and Social Science of Shandong University.
For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
年轻人接触赞成烟草和反烟草广告的比例和趋势在全球范围内仍不清楚。我们确定了青少年最近（2010-18 年）接触赞成烟草和反烟草广告的比例，并从 1999 年到 2018 年观察了其随时间推移的变化趋势。
在这项对重复横断面调查的分析中，我们使用了 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间从 142 个国家和地区（以下简称国家）收集的最新数据，涵盖了 710191 名参与者，评估了 12-16 岁青少年接触赞成烟草和反烟草广告的比例。在 1999 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间进行了两次或两次以上全球青年烟草调查的 120 个国家的数据被用来评估随时间推移接触赞成烟草和反烟草广告的比例的变化趋势。使用 χ 检验分析对亚组之间的比例进行比较。使用抽样权重、层和初级抽样单位来计算赞成烟草和反烟草广告的接触比例。
最近全球青少年在过去 30 天内接触烟草广告的比例为 710191 名参与者中的 433585 名（64.6%）（95%CI 63.5-65.7；所有最终百分比均为加权），涉及电子媒体的信息为 206766 名（33.1%），在销售点接触的信息为 63385 名（10.2%），拥有烟草品牌标志的物品的信息为 63385 名（10.2%）。最近全球接触反烟草广告的比例为 710191 名参与者中的 431862 名（63.6%）（62.3-64.9），涉及电子媒体的信息为 227658 名（34.1%），接触集会活动的信息为 227658 名（32.8-35.3）。在纳入的大多数国家，1999 年至 2018 年间，接触烟草广告（120 个国家中有 111 个，93%）和反烟草广告（120 个国家中有 110 个，92%）的比例呈下降趋势。
在青少年中，接触烟草广告的比例仍然很高，而接触反烟草广告的比例还不够高。在纳入的大多数国家，青少年接触赞成烟草和反烟草广告的比例随时间推移呈下降趋势。这些发现强调了严格执行烟草控制法规的重要性，包括加强反烟草营销和禁止烟草营销。
山东大学人文社会科学青年团队。
