Mizan Al, Mamun Mohammad Arif Hasan, Islam Md Saiful
Institute of Appropriate Technology, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering &Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2023 Feb 26;9(3):e13856. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13856. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in soil and their accumulation in vegetables grown in the newly shifted tannery area of Savar, Bangladesh, is crucial for human health. Heavy metals (i.e., Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cd) concentrations in soil and vegetable samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). In soil, 3220 mg/kg Cr was observed, which was 32-fold greater than the WHO/FAO recommended limit. Ecological risk indices such as the contamination factor, enrichment factor, pollution load index, and geoaccumulation index showed metal levels as moderately to very highly contaminated. The non-carcinogenic risk (NCR) was found to be higher, and the carcinogenic risk (CR) exceeded the acceptable value 1 × 10 and posed greater risks to children than adults, especially for Cr in soil. The main exposure pathway for soil metals was 97.8-99.9% due to oral ingestion. The concentration of heavy metals especially Cr, Pb, Zn, and Cd, in vegetables was alarming as they crossed the safety limit. The calculated mean hazard index (8.71) for vegetable samples showed elevated levels of potential NCR, while CR for Cr and Cd, exceeded the acceptable limit of 1 × 10, indicating the probability of cancer risk to humans through the consumption of vegetables. This study revealed a to-and-fro analysis of the present scenario of the tannery area, giving importance to human health and the environment.
监测孟加拉国萨瓦尔新搬迁制革区土壤中的重金属浓度及其在种植蔬菜中的积累情况，对人类健康至关重要。通过原子吸收分光光度计（AAS）测定土壤和蔬菜样品中的重金属（即铬、铅、铜、锌、镍和镉）浓度。在土壤中，观察到铬含量为3220毫克/千克，比世界卫生组织/联合国粮农组织推荐限值高32倍。污染因子、富集因子、污染负荷指数和地积累指数等生态风险指数表明金属水平为中度至高度污染。发现非致癌风险（NCR）较高，致癌风险（CR）超过可接受值1×10，对儿童的风险大于成人，尤其是土壤中的铬。土壤金属的主要暴露途径是经口摄入，占97.8 - 99.9%。蔬菜中重金属尤其是铬、铅、锌和镉的浓度令人担忧，因为它们超过了安全限值。计算得出的蔬菜样品平均危害指数（8.71）表明潜在NCR水平升高，而铬和镉的CR超过了可接受限值1×10，表明通过食用蔬菜对人类有患癌风险的可能性。这项研究揭示了对制革区当前情况的来回分析，重视人类健康和环境。
