Li Chun-Lei, Xu Jing, Xu Hong-Mei, Liu Jie, Zhang Long-Xiang, Wang Zi-Kai
Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center/College of Agronomy, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, China.
Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, PingDingShan Vocational and Technical College, Pingdingshan, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 28;10:1131380. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1131380. eCollection 2023.
In tea plantations with high-pH (pH > 6.5) in Northern China, tea plants are prone to yellowing disease, albinism, and reductions in components that contribute to plant quality, which affect the scale and rate of tea plantation development in Northern China.
To investigate the potential causes of these issues, . Pingyang Tezao and . Ruixue were planted in Shouguang city (a high-pH area, soil pH > 6.5) and Rizhao city (a normal-pH area, soil pH is 4.5-5.5), respectively; differences in growth morphology, pigment content, cell structure, quality-determining components, and element content of the two varieties in the two areas were analyzed.
The results showed that tea leaves planted in Shouguang had varying degrees of yellowing disease and albinism; the pigment content in both varieties was significantly lower when planted in Shouguang compared with Rizhao. The cell structure was severely damaged and the main quality-determining components were decreased. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) contents in the leaves of the two tea plant varieties were significantly lower when planted in Shouguang compared with those in Rizhao; the levels of these elements in Shouguang soil were significantly higher than in Rizhao soil. Calcium (Ca) contents in Shouguang soil was 9.90 times higher than that of Rizhao soil.
We conclude that the soil in high-pH areas hindered tea plant uptake of N, Zn, Cu, and Mn, which had a detrimental effect on chloroplasts and reductions in chlorophyll synthesis, contributing to yellowing disease and albinism. In addition, excessive calcium (Ca) in Shouguang soil was also an important contributor to these negative effects. High-pH soil hindered tea plant uptake of P and K, resulting in reductions in tea polyphenols, amino acids, and other major quality components.
在中国北方pH值较高（pH > 6.5）的茶园中，茶树容易出现黄化病、白化现象，以及影响茶叶品质的成分含量降低的情况，这影响了中国北方茶园的发展规模和速度。
为探究这些问题的潜在原因，将平阳特早和瑞雪分别种植于寿光市（高pH值地区，土壤pH > 6.5）和日照市（正常pH值地区，土壤pH为4.5 - 5.5）；分析了这两个品种在两个地区的生长形态、色素含量、细胞结构、品质决定成分和元素含量的差异。
结果表明，种植在寿光的茶叶出现了不同程度的黄化病和白化现象；与日照相比，两个品种种植在寿光时的色素含量均显著降低。细胞结构严重受损，主要品质决定成分减少。与日照相比，两个茶树品种种植在寿光时叶片中的氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）、锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）和锰（Mn）含量显著降低；寿光土壤中这些元素的含量显著高于日照土壤。寿光土壤中的钙（Ca）含量是日照土壤的9.90倍。
我们得出结论，高pH值地区的土壤阻碍了茶树对氮、锌、铜和锰的吸收，这对叶绿体产生了不利影响，并减少了叶绿素的合成，导致黄化病和白化现象。此外，寿光土壤中过量的钙也是造成这些负面影响的重要因素。高pH值土壤阻碍了茶树对磷和钾的吸收，导致茶多酚、氨基酸和其他主要品质成分含量降低。
