Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology (EAE&AT), Affiliated to Ministry of Military Production, Cairo, Egypt.
Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2023 Mar;41(3):125-132. doi: 10.1089/photob.2022.0100.
This article investigates the effect of varying breast tumor size on the fluence rate distribution within a breast model during the diffuse optical imaging procedure. Early detection of breast cancer is of significant importance owing to its wide spread among women worldwide. Mastectomy surgery became very common due to the late detection of breast cancers by the conventional diagnostic methods such as X-ray mammography and magnetic resonance imaging. On the contrary, optical imaging techniques provide a safe and more sensitive methodology, which is suitable for the early detection criteria. The implementation was performed based on simulating multiple detectors placed on the outer surface of a human breast model to compute the optical fluence rate after probing the breast (normal and different tumor sizes) with laser irradiation. Different laser wavelengths ranging from the red to near-infrared rays spectral range were examined to determine the optimum fluence rate that shows the highest capability to differentiate between normal and cancerous breasts. A three-dimensional breast model was created using the COMSOL multiphysics package where the optical fluence rate was estimated based on the finite-element solution of the diffusion equation. To evaluate the efficiency of the suggested technique for identifying cancers and discriminate them from normal breast at various wavelengths (600-1000 nm) and several tumor sizes. The obtained results reveal different fluence rate distributions in the breast with different radius tumors, especially at 600 nm due to the significant differences in the scattering coefficient between malignancies and healthy tissue.
本文研究了在漫射光学成像过程中，不同乳腺肿瘤大小对乳腺模型内光密度率分布的影响。由于乳腺癌在全球女性中广泛存在，早期发现乳腺癌具有重要意义。由于传统诊断方法（如 X 射线乳房摄影术和磁共振成像）对乳腺癌的检测较晚，乳房切除术变得非常普遍。相比之下，光学成像技术提供了一种安全且更敏感的方法，适用于早期检测标准。该实施是基于模拟放置在人体乳腺模型外表面的多个探测器来计算在激光辐照下探测乳腺（正常和不同肿瘤大小）后的光密度率。检查了从红色到近红外射线光谱范围的不同激光波长，以确定显示最高区分正常和癌变乳腺能力的最佳光密度率。使用 COMSOL 多物理场软件包创建了一个三维乳腺模型，其中基于扩散方程的有限元解来估算光密度率。为了评估该技术在不同波长（600-1000nm）和多个肿瘤大小下识别癌症并将其与正常乳腺区分开来的效率。所得结果显示，具有不同半径肿瘤的乳腺中的光密度率分布不同，特别是在 600nm 时，由于恶性肿瘤和健康组织之间的散射系数存在显著差异。
