Psychiatry, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.
Emergency Medicine, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.
Arch Dis Child. 2023 Dec;108(12):970-974. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2022-325122. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Suicide is a leading cause of death among children and adolescents. Suicide risk screening tools can detect the risk of suicide among patients presenting to healthcare settings. The aim of this review was to describe the effectiveness of universal suicide risk screening (all patients) compared with selective screening (behavioural health patients only) in children and adolescents in emergency departments (EDs).
A literature search was conducted on PubMed for articles related to suicide risk screening in paediatric EDs between January 2016 and February 2022.
8 studies met the selection criteria. The review showed that 46%-93% of patients that screened positive for suicide risk had presented with a medical concern. These patients would have been missed without universal suicide risk screening. In both selective and universal screening scenarios, use of a suicide risk screening tool was better at detecting suicide risk compared with use of presenting problem alone. Suicide risk screening was found to be acceptable without increasing length of stay in the ED.
Based on this review, using a suicide screening tool can help detect patients at risk who would otherwise have been missed.
自杀是儿童和青少年死亡的主要原因之一。自杀风险筛查工具可以检测到在医疗保健环境中就诊的患者的自杀风险。本综述的目的是描述在急诊科（ED）中对所有患者（普遍性筛查）与仅对行为健康患者（选择性筛查）进行自杀风险筛查的效果。
对 2016 年 1 月至 2022 年 2 月期间与儿科 ED 中的自杀风险筛查相关的文献，在 PubMed 上进行了检索。
有 8 项研究符合入选标准。综述表明，46%-93%的自杀风险筛查阳性患者存在医疗问题。如果没有普遍性自杀风险筛查，这些患者将被漏诊。在选择性和普遍性筛查的情况下，与仅使用就诊问题相比，使用自杀风险筛查工具更能检测到自杀风险。筛查不会增加 ED 的住院时间，是可以接受的。
基于本综述，使用自杀筛查工具可以帮助发现否则可能被遗漏的高危患者。
