School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Mar 16;18(3):e0282626. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282626. eCollection 2023.
The inflow of foreign R&D has brought vigor and vitality to the development of the high-tech industry (HTI). Using the panel data of HTI in 23 provinces (autonomous provinces and municipalities) in China from 2007 to 2016, this paper firstly calculates the Moran index of HTI's innovation performance (IP), and finds a spatial agglomeration effect. After rigorous testing, we determine the most suitable spatial metering model. Finally, the spatial effect is further decomposed into three kinds of effects: direct effect, indirect effect, and total effect. This paper studies the impact of foreign research and development (R&D) on IP of HTI and its spatial spillover effects. According to the research, foreign R&D has a significant role in promoting IP of HTI in China, and has specific spatial spillover effects. Significantly, foreign R&D has substantial positive spillover effects of space. When IP of HTI is measured by product innovation, there is no obvious space overflow. However, panel regression showed a significant positive effect. In terms of the influence on product IP of HTI, foreign R&D plays an almost equal role as local R&D. In terms of the impact on technological IP of HTI, foreign R&D input plays a positive role. It has a spatial spillover effect, the degree of impact is lower than that of domestic R&D input. Local governments should formulate relevant policies to encourage the fluidity of technical knowledge and overcome the sticky problem of foreign R&D technical knowledge, which is an essential aspect of absorbing foreign R&D technical knowledge in the future.
外国研发投入为高科技产业（HTI）的发展带来了活力和生命力。本文利用 2007-2016 年中国 23 个省（自治区、直辖市）的 HTI 面板数据，首先计算了 HTI 创新绩效（IP）的 Moran 指数，发现存在空间集聚效应。经过严格检验，我们确定了最合适的空间计量模型。最后，将空间效应进一步分解为三种效应：直接效应、间接效应和总效应。本文研究了外国研发（R&D）对 HTI 的 IP 及其空间溢出效应的影响。研究表明，外国 R&D 对中国 HTI 的 IP 具有显著的促进作用，并具有特定的空间溢出效应。重要的是，外国 R&D 对空间具有实质性的积极溢出效应。当以产品创新衡量 HTI 的 IP 时，没有明显的空间溢出。然而，面板回归显示出显著的正向效应。在 HTI 的产品 IP 影响方面，外国 R&D 与本地 R&D 几乎具有同等作用。在 HTI 的技术 IP 影响方面，外国 R&D 投入发挥了积极作用。它具有空间溢出效应，影响程度低于国内 R&D 投入。地方政府应制定相关政策，鼓励技术知识的流动性，并克服外国 R&D 技术知识的粘性问题，这是未来吸收外国 R&D 技术知识的一个重要方面。
