Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2023 Jul 1;40(5):417-425. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000931. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Sleep-wake disturbances (SWDs) are among the most prevalent, persistent, and often disregarded sequelae of traumatic brain injury. Identification and treatment of SWDs in patients with traumatic brain injury is important and can complement other efforts to promote maximum functional recovery. SWDs can accentuate other consequences of traumatic brain injury, negatively affect mood, exacerbate pain, heighten irritability, and diminish cognitive abilities and the potential for recovery. The risk for sports injuries increases when athletes are sleep deprived. Sleep deprivation increases risk-taking behaviors, predisposing to injuries. SWDs are an independent risk factor for prolonged recovery after sports-related concussion. SWDs following sports-related concussion have been shown to impede recovery, rehabilitation, and return to preinjury activities.
睡眠-觉醒障碍（SWD）是创伤性脑损伤最常见、最持久且常被忽视的后遗症之一。在创伤性脑损伤患者中识别和治疗 SWD 很重要，并且可以补充其他促进最大功能恢复的努力。SWD 会加剧创伤性脑损伤的其他后果，影响情绪，加重疼痛，增加烦躁，降低认知能力和恢复潜力。当运动员睡眠不足时，运动损伤的风险会增加。睡眠剥夺会增加冒险行为，导致受伤。SWD 是与运动相关的脑震荡后恢复时间延长的独立危险因素。研究表明，运动相关脑震荡后的 SWD 会阻碍康复、恢复和重返受伤前的活动。
