Department of Cardiology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
General Medicine, Apollo Speciality Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2023 Mar 20;44(2):115-120. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0106. eCollection 2023 Jun 1.
The increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease [CAD] poses worrying statistics. Atherosclerosis of coronary vessels is the main culprit for the spectrum of CAD especially acute coronary syndrome. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a consequence of inflammatory changes in the coronaries. Our study aimed to assess the role of risk factors and inflammatory markers with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI].
100 patients with ST-elevation Myocardial infarction [STEMI] and 100 age and sex matched controls were included in the study. A history of risk factors like smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension was noted. A venous blood sample was obtained for analysis of inflammatory markers. The data thus obtained was statistically analyzed.
The cases had a significant number of risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, previous history of CAD, increased body mass index [BMI], and raised high sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]. Patients with anterior myocardial infarction were older and had hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Patients with inferior myocardial infarction had high BMI, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and alcoholism. Smokers, patients with diabetes mellitus, high total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, and hs-CRP were more prone to complications.
Patients with a greater number of risk factors and raised inflammatory markers were at high risk of STEMI and its complications. An approach to control the modifiable risk factors like obesity and lifestyle changes can reduce the disease burden.
冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的患病率不断上升，这一趋势令人担忧。冠状动脉粥样硬化是 CAD 谱，尤其是急性冠状动脉综合征的主要罪魁祸首。动脉粥样硬化被认为是冠状动脉炎症变化的结果。我们的研究旨在评估危险因素和炎症标志物在急性 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）中的作用。
纳入了 100 例 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者和 100 例年龄和性别匹配的对照组。记录了吸烟、高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症等危险因素的病史。采集静脉血样进行炎症标志物分析。对获得的数据进行了统计学分析。
病例组具有显著数量的危险因素，如吸烟、高血压和糖尿病，有冠心病的既往病史，体重指数（BMI）升高，高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）升高。前壁心肌梗死患者年龄较大，有高血压和糖尿病。下壁心肌梗死患者 BMI 较高，红细胞沉降率（ESR）升高，有酗酒史。吸烟者、糖尿病患者、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇和 hs-CRP 升高者更容易发生并发症。
危险因素数量较多且炎症标志物升高的患者发生 STEMI 及其并发症的风险较高。控制肥胖和生活方式改变等可改变的危险因素的方法可以减轻疾病负担。
