西班牙裔移民各代中同伴代际地位与青少年体重的关联：一项社会网络分析。

Associations of peer generational status on adolescent weight across Hispanic immigrant generations: A social network analysis.

作者信息

Gonzalez Christopher J, Copeland Molly, Shapiro Martin F, Moody James

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 E 68th St., New York, NY, 10065, USA.

Department of Sociology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 2023 Apr;323:115831. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115831. Epub 2023 Mar 13.

DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115831

PMID:36931036

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Childhood obesity disproportionately impacts Hispanics in the United States (US), the nation's largest ethnic minority population. However, even among Hispanic children, those born in the US are at increased risk of developing obesity than those not born in the US (i.e. first-generation Hispanics). The objective of this study is to assess whether ethnic and generational differences in the friend networks of Hispanic adolescents moderate the association between immigrant generation and weight.

METHODS

We analyzed data from first-generation, second-generation, and third-generation Hispanic 12 to 19 year-old participants in Wave 1 of the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Using multivariable linear regression, we examined the association between generational status and body mass index (BMI), and whether the ethnic and generational composition of friends moderated that association.

RESULTS

Higher generational status was associated with higher BMI. The ethnic and generational composition of friends was not independently associated with BMI among Hispanic adolescents. However, a social network with a greater proportion of second-generation Hispanics was positively associated with BMI among first-generation Hispanics, and negatively associated with BMI among second-generation Hispanics.

CONCLUSIONS

The generational status of peers in Hispanic adolescents' social networks, particularly the proportion that are second-generation Hispanic, moderates the positive association between immigrant generation and BMI. Moreover, this moderation effect is different across immigrant generations so that the proportion of second-generation adolescents within a social network is associated with higher BMI in first-generation Hispanic adolescents, but with lower BMI among those who are second-generation. These results were confirmed in sensitivity analyses. Our findings suggest that the generational composition of social networks alters the association between the generational status and weight of Hispanic adolescents, and thus that social factors within those networks may contribute to those associations.

摘要

背景

儿童肥胖对美国最大的少数族裔群体西班牙裔的影响尤为严重。然而，即使在西班牙裔儿童中，在美国出生的儿童比非在美国出生的儿童（即第一代西班牙裔）患肥胖症的风险更高。本研究的目的是评估西班牙裔青少年朋友网络中的种族和代际差异是否会调节移民代际与体重之间的关联。

方法

我们分析了青少年到成人健康纵向研究（Add Health）第1波中第一代、第二代和第三代12至19岁西班牙裔参与者的数据。使用多变量线性回归，我们研究了代际地位与体重指数（BMI）之间的关联，以及朋友的种族和代际构成是否调节了这种关联。

结果

代际地位越高，BMI越高。在西班牙裔青少年中，朋友的种族和代际构成与BMI没有独立关联。然而，第二代西班牙裔比例较高的社交网络与第一代西班牙裔的BMI呈正相关，与第二代西班牙裔的BMI呈负相关。

结论

西班牙裔青少年社交网络中同龄人的代际地位，特别是第二代西班牙裔的比例，调节了移民代际与BMI之间的正相关。此外，这种调节效应在不同移民代际中有所不同，因此社交网络中第二代青少年的比例与第一代西班牙裔青少年的较高BMI相关，但与第二代青少年的较低BMI相关。这些结果在敏感性分析中得到了证实。我们的研究结果表明，社交网络的代际构成改变了西班牙裔青少年代际地位与体重之间的关联，因此这些网络中的社会因素可能促成了这些关联。