Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-61300 Brno, Czech Republic.
State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300 Hangzhou, China.
Eur J Cell Biol. 2023 Jun;102(2):151309. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151309. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
The study of endomembrane trafficking is crucial for understanding how cells and whole organisms function. Moreover, there is a special interest in investigating endomembrane trafficking in plants, given its role in transport and accumulation of seed storage proteins and in secretion of cell wall material, arguably the two most essential commodities obtained from crops. The mechanisms of anterograde transport in the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways of plants have been thoroughly discussed in recent reviews, but, comparatively, retrograde trafficking pathways have received less attention. Retrograde trafficking is essential to recover membranes, retrieve proteins that have escaped from their intended localization, maintain homeostasis in maturing compartments, and recycle trafficking machinery for its reuse in anterograde transport reactions. Here, we review the current understanding on retrograde trafficking pathways in the endomembrane system of plants, discussing their integration with anterograde transport routes, describing conserved and plant-specific retrieval mechanisms at play, highlighting contentious issues and identifying open questions for future research.
内体膜运输的研究对于理解细胞和整个生物体的功能至关重要。此外，鉴于内体膜运输在种子贮藏蛋白的运输和积累以及细胞壁物质的分泌中的作用，人们对植物内体膜运输特别感兴趣，可以说这是从作物中获得的两种最重要的商品。植物生物合成和内吞途径中顺行运输的机制在最近的综述中已经得到了彻底的讨论，但相比之下，逆行运输途径受到的关注较少。逆行运输对于回收膜、回收逃离其预期定位的蛋白质、维持成熟隔室的体内平衡以及回收运输机制以备在顺行运输反应中再利用是必不可少的。在这里，我们回顾了植物内质网系统中逆行运输途径的最新认识，讨论了它们与顺行运输途径的整合，描述了保守和植物特异性的回收机制，强调了有争议的问题，并确定了未来研究的开放性问题。
