Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 15;877:162914. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162914. Epub 2023 Mar 17.
With the continuous abatement of industries and vehicles in the past years in China, the comprehensive understanding and scientific control of non-road construction equipment (NRCE) may play an important role in alleviating PM and O pollution in the next stage. In this study, the emission rates of CO, HC, NOx, PM, CO and the component profiles of HC and PM from 3 loaders, 8 excavators and 4 forklifts under different operating conditions were tested for a systematic representation of NRCE emission characteristics. With the fusion of field tests, construction land types and population distributions, the NRCE emission inventory with a 0.1° × 0.1° resolution in nationwide and with a 0.01° × 0.01° resolution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH) were established. The sample testing results suggested prominent differences in instantaneous emission rates and the composition characteristics among different equipment and under different operating modes. Generally, for NRCE, the dominant components are OC and EC for PM, and HC and olefin for OVOC. Especially, the proportion of olefins in idling mode is much higher than that in working mode. The measurement-based emission factors of various equipment exceeded the Stage III standard to varying degrees. The high-resolution emission inventory suggested that highly developed central and eastern areas, represented by BTH, showed the most prominent emissions in China. This study is a systematic representations of China's NRCE emissions, and the NRCE emission inventory establishment method with multiple data fusion has important methodological reference value for other emission sources.
近年来，随着中国工业和车辆排放量的不断减少，对非道路移动机械（NRCE）的全面了解和科学控制可能在下一阶段对缓解 PM 和 O 污染发挥重要作用。本研究对 3 台装载机、8 台挖掘机和 4 台叉车在不同工况下的 CO、HC、NOx、PM、CO 排放率以及 HC 和 PM 的成分谱进行了测试，系统地展示了 NRCE 的排放特征。通过融合现场测试、建设用地类型和人口分布，建立了全国 0.1°×0.1°分辨率和京津冀地区 0.01°×0.01°分辨率的 NRCE 排放清单。样本测试结果表明，不同设备和不同运行模式下的瞬时排放率和成分特征存在显著差异。一般来说，对于 NRCE，PM 的主要成分是 OC 和 EC，而 OVOC 的主要成分是 HC 和烯烃。特别是，烯烃在空转模式下的比例远高于工作模式下的比例。各种设备的基于测量的排放因子在不同程度上超过了第三阶段标准。高分辨率排放清单表明，以京津冀为代表的高度发达的中东部地区在中国的排放量最为突出。本研究系统地展示了中国的 NRCE 排放情况，采用多源数据融合的 NRCE 排放清单建立方法对其他排放源具有重要的方法学参考价值。
