Huang Yun-Hsin, Huang Yu-Ting, Yen Nai-Shing
Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan.
Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Psychol. 2023 Mar 2;14:1011584. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1011584. eCollection 2023.
The role of emotional reactivity in the psychopathology of depression has been studied widely but not comprehensively. Inconsistencies in existing literature indicate the presence of other factors may affect this dynamic. An individual's method of processing their physiological sensations is a third variable because emotions are psychophysiological. This study identified the predictiveness of ease of activation, intensity, and duration of negative and positive emotions on depressive symptoms differentiated by interoceptive sensibility (IS). A total of 270 community participants filled-in questionnaires assessing their IS, habitual emotional reactivity, depressive severity, and response bias. A two-step clustering analysis identified the IS characteristics. Negative and positive reactivity models among each IS cluster were tested using bootstrapping regression, controlling for gender and response bias. IS can be clustered into "high IS," "low IS," and "worriers." Both positive and negative reactivity's predictiveness patterns on depression were different between IS clusters. Lower positive reactivity predicted depression among individuals with low IS (harder to activate positive emotions) and worriers (shorter duration of positive emotions) but not among individuals with high IS. Those with high IS also exhibited the highest positive reactivity. Ease of activating negative emotions predicted depression among high IS individuals, and a longer duration of negative emotions predicted depression among worriers. IS may affect the psychopathology of depression through subjective emotional reactivity. Thus, IS characteristics can be incorporated into intervention plans.
情绪反应性在抑郁症精神病理学中的作用已得到广泛研究，但并不全面。现有文献中的不一致表明可能存在其他因素影响这一动态过程。个体处理其生理感觉的方式是第三个变量，因为情绪是心理生理现象。本研究确定了消极和积极情绪的激活难易程度、强度和持续时间对由内感受敏感性（IS）区分的抑郁症状的预测性。共有270名社区参与者填写了问卷，评估他们的IS、习惯性情绪反应性、抑郁严重程度和反应偏差。两步聚类分析确定了IS特征。使用自抽样回归测试每个IS集群中的消极和积极反应性模型，并控制性别和反应偏差。IS可分为“高IS”、“低IS”和“担忧者”。IS集群之间，积极和消极反应性对抑郁症的预测模式各不相同。较低的积极反应性预测低IS个体（更难激活积极情绪）和担忧者（积极情绪持续时间较短）会患抑郁症，但高IS个体不会。高IS个体也表现出最高的积极反应性。激活消极情绪的难易程度预测高IS个体患抑郁症，消极情绪持续时间较长预测担忧者患抑郁症。IS可能通过主观情绪反应性影响抑郁症的精神病理学。因此，IS特征可纳入干预计划。
