Ivashkevich Alesia
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Noxopharm, Gordon, NSW, Australia.
Front Oncol. 2023 Mar 1;12:800562. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.800562. eCollection 2022.
Cancer is one of the major health problems and the second cause of death worldwide behind heart disease. The traditional soy diet containing isoflavones, consumed by the Asian population in China and Japan has been identified as a protective factor from hormone-related cancers. Over the years the research focus has shifted from emphasizing the preventive effect of isoflavones from cancer initiation and promotion to their efficacy against established tumors along with chemo- and radiopotentiating effects. Studies performed in mouse models and results of clinical trials emphasize that genistein or a mixture of isoflavones, containing in traditional soy diet, could be utilized to both potentiate the response of cancer cells to radiotherapy and reduce radiation-induced toxicity in normal tissues. Currently ongoing clinical research explores a potential of another significant isoflavone, idronoxil, also known as phenoxodiol, as radiation enhancing agent. In the light of the recent clinical findings, this article reviews the accumulated evidence which support the clinically desirable interactions of soy isoflavones with radiation therapy resulting in improved tumor treatment. This review discusses important aspects of the development of isoflavones as anticancer agents, and mechanisms potentially relevant to their activity in combination with radiation therapy of cancer. It gives a critical overview of studies characterizing isoflavone targets such as topoisomerases, ENOX2/PMET, tyrosine kinases and ER receptor signaling, and cellular effects on the cell cycle, DNA damage, cell death, and immune responses.
癌症是主要的健康问题之一，是全球仅次于心脏病的第二大致死原因。在中国和日本，亚洲人群食用的含异黄酮的传统大豆饮食已被确定为预防激素相关癌症的一个保护因素。多年来，研究重点已从强调异黄酮在癌症起始和促进阶段的预防作用，转向其对已形成肿瘤的疗效以及化疗和放疗增敏作用。在小鼠模型上进行的研究以及临床试验结果强调，传统大豆饮食中含有的染料木黄酮或异黄酮混合物，可用于增强癌细胞对放疗的反应，并降低正常组织中辐射诱导的毒性。目前正在进行的临床研究探索另一种重要异黄酮——艾地诺昔（也称为苯氧二醇）作为辐射增强剂的潜力。鉴于最近的临床研究结果，本文综述了支持大豆异黄酮与放射治疗产生临床理想相互作用从而改善肿瘤治疗效果的累积证据。本综述讨论了异黄酮作为抗癌剂开发的重要方面，以及与其联合癌症放射治疗活性潜在相关的机制。它对表征异黄酮靶点（如拓扑异构酶、ENOX2/PMET、酪氨酸激酶和雌激素受体信号传导）的研究以及对细胞周期、DNA损伤、细胞死亡和免疫反应的细胞效应进行了批判性概述。
