Corujo-Bolaños Graciela, Yánez-Pérez Roraima, Cedrés Nira, Ferreira Daniel, Molina Yaiza, Barroso José
Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2023 Mar 2;15:1099596. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1099596. eCollection 2023.
To investigate the potential of the Block design subtest of the Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale as a non-verbal proxy of cognitive reserve.
A total of 391 cognitively unimpaired participants were included in this study. The association between the Block design subtest and the Information subtest (an established verbal proxy of cognitive reserve) from the WAIS, as well as the association of the two subtests with a Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire (CRQ) were tested. In addition, multiple linear regression models were conducted to investigate the association of the Block design and Information subtests with cognitive performance. The capacity of the Block design subtest to minimize the negative effect of an older age over cognitive performance was also assessed and this effect was compared with that of the Information subtest. The four cognitive domains included were: verbal memory, visual-visuospatial memory, executive-premotor functions and processing speed.
The Block design subtest correlated positively with both the Information subtest and the CRQ. A statistically significant association was observed between the Block design subtest and all four cognitive domains. Higher scores in the Block design subtest minimized the negative effect of aging on the cognitive domains of visual-visuospatial memory and executive-premotor functions, in a similar way to the results obtained for the Information subtest.
The Block design subtest is significantly correlated with two established proxies of cognitive reserve: it correlates with cognitive performance and high scores in Block design have the capacity to minimize the negative effect of an older age on cognitive performance. Therefore, the results suggest that the corrected Block design subtest could be considered as a non-verbal proxy of cognitive reserve.
探讨韦氏成人智力量表积木设计分测验作为认知储备的非语言替代指标的潜力。
本研究共纳入391名认知功能未受损的参与者。测试了积木设计分测验与韦氏成人智力量表信息分测验（一种已确立的认知储备语言替代指标）之间的关联，以及这两个分测验与认知储备问卷（CRQ）的关联。此外，进行了多元线性回归模型以研究积木设计分测验和信息分测验与认知表现的关联。还评估了积木设计分测验将老年对认知表现的负面影响降至最低的能力，并将这种影响与信息分测验的影响进行比较。所包括的四个认知领域为：言语记忆、视觉-视觉空间记忆、执行-运动前功能和处理速度。
积木设计分测验与信息分测验和CRQ均呈正相关。在积木设计分测验与所有四个认知领域之间观察到具有统计学意义的关联。积木设计分测验得分较高可将衰老对视觉-视觉空间记忆和执行-运动前功能认知领域的负面影响降至最低，这与信息分测验的结果类似。
积木设计分测验与两个已确立的认知储备替代指标显著相关：它与认知表现相关，且积木设计中的高分有能力将老年对认知表现的负面影响降至最低。因此，结果表明校正后的积木设计分测验可被视为认知储备的非语言替代指标。
