视觉皮层非侵入性脑刺激能否改善正常视觉功能？一项系统评价与荟萃分析。
Can visual cortex non-invasive brain stimulation improve normal visual function? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Bello Umar M, Wang Jingying, Park Adela S Y, Tan Ken W S, Cheung Blossom W S, Thompson Benjamin, Cheong Allen M Y
机构信息
Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
出版信息
Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 2;17:1119200. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1119200. eCollection 2023.
OBJECTIVE
Multiple studies have explored the use of visual cortex non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) to enhance visual function. These studies vary in sample size, outcome measures, and methodology. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the effects of NIBS on visual functions in human participants with normal vision.
METHODS
We followed the PRISMA guidelines, and a review protocol was registered with PROSPERO before study commencement (CRD42021255882). We searched Embase, Medline, PsychInfo, PubMed, OpenGrey and Web of Science using relevant keywords. The search covered the period from 1st January 2000 until 1st September 2021. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software was used for quantitative analysis.
RESULTS
Fifty studies were included in the systematic review. Only five studies utilized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and no TMS studies met our pre-specified criteria for meta-analysis. Nineteen transcranial electrical stimulation studies (tES, 38%) met the criteria for meta-analysis and were the focus of our review. Meta-analysis indicated acute effects (Hedges's g = 0.232, 95% CI: 0.023-0.442, = 0.029) and aftereffects (0.590, 95% CI: 0.182-0.998, = 0.005) of tES on contrast sensitivity. Visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitudes were significantly enhanced immediately after tES (0.383, 95% CI: 0.110-0.665, = 0.006). Both tES (0.563, 95% CI: 0.230-0.896, = 0.001) and anodal-transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) alone (0.655, 95% CI: 0.273-1.038, = 0.001) reduced crowding in peripheral vision. The effects of tES on visual acuity, motion perception and reaction time were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
There are significant effects of visual cortex tES on contrast sensitivity, VEP amplitude, an index of cortical excitability, and crowding among normally sighted individuals. Additional studies are required to enable a comparable meta-analysis of TMS effects. Future studies with robust experimental designs are needed to extend these findings to populations with vision loss.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov/, identifier CRD42021255882.
目的
多项研究探讨了使用视觉皮层非侵入性脑刺激（NIBS）来增强视觉功能。这些研究在样本量、结果测量和方法上存在差异。我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估NIBS对视力正常的人类参与者视觉功能的影响。
方法
我们遵循PRISMA指南，并在研究开始前在PROSPERO上注册了审查方案（CRD42021255882）。我们使用相关关键词搜索了Embase、Medline、PsychInfo、PubMed、OpenGrey和Web of Science。搜索涵盖了2000年1月1日至2021年9月1日的时间段。使用综合荟萃分析（CMA）软件进行定量分析。
结果
系统评价纳入了50项研究。只有5项研究使用了经颅磁刺激（TMS），没有TMS研究符合我们预先指定的荟萃分析标准。19项经颅电刺激研究（tES，38%）符合荟萃分析标准，是我们审查的重点。荟萃分析表明，tES对对比敏感度有急性效应（Hedges's g = 0.232，95%CI：0.023 - 0.442，P = 0.029）和后效应（0.590，95%CI：0.182 - 0.998，P = 0.005）。经颅电刺激后视觉诱发电位（VEP）振幅立即显著增强（0.383，95%CI：0.110 - 0.665，P = 0.006）。tES（0.563，95%CI：0.230 - 0.896，P = 0.001）和单独的阳极经颅直流电刺激（a - tDCS）（0.655，95%CI：0.273 - 1.038，P = 0.001）均降低了周边视觉中的拥挤现象。tES对视力、运动感知和反应时间的影响无统计学意义。
结论
视觉皮层tES对对比敏感度、VEP振幅（一种皮层兴奋性指标）以及视力正常个体的拥挤现象有显著影响。需要更多研究以对TMS效应进行可比的荟萃分析。需要设计稳健的实验的未来研究，将这些发现扩展到视力丧失人群。
临床试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov/，标识符CRD42021255882
Zotero 插件