Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2023 May;79(5):1664-1677. doi: 10.1111/jan.15638. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
The objective of this integrative review was to critically synthesize the evidence on protective factors in early childhood that buffer the effects of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) on young children's health outcomes.
Studies were eligible for inclusion in this review if the article was (a) in English, (b) title or abstract discussed protective factors, buffering, resilience or mitigating factors in early childhood for young children who experienced IPV.
A total of 23 articles of 492 manuscripts identified from the search from peer-reviewed journals from 2010 to 2022 were included. Individual-level protective factors for young children exposed to IPV and include emotional self-regulation, child temperament and child self-esteem. Family-level protective factors were maternal physical and mental health; warm, responsive parenting; knowledge of child development; socioeconomic advantage; caregiver employment; and maternal education.
The results of this integrative review highlight the critical importance of a dyadic approach to early childhood intervention. Health and legal systems should not only focus solely on pathology of family violence but also conceptualize treatment and courses of action from a strength-based perspective in order to empower victims of IPV, and promote the safety, health and well-being of children. Future research should examine the role of system-level protective factors.
This review adds to the growing body of the evidence of positive relational health as a key social determinant of health for children. This will be foundational to design interventions that shield children from further harm and promote health, flourishing and recovery from violence and trauma.
本综述的目的是批判性地综合关于儿童早期保护因素的证据，这些因素可以缓冲儿童早期亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）暴露对儿童健康结果的影响。
如果文章（a）为英文，（b）标题或摘要讨论了儿童早期经历 IPV 的幼儿的保护因素、缓冲、弹性或缓解因素，则有资格纳入本综述。
从 2010 年至 2022 年从同行评议期刊中搜索到的 492 篇手稿中，共确定了 23 篇文章。暴露于 IPV 的幼儿的个体层面保护因素包括情绪自我调节、儿童气质和儿童自尊。家庭层面的保护因素包括母亲的身心健康、温暖、响应式育儿、儿童发展知识、社会经济优势、照顾者就业和母亲教育。
本综合综述的结果强调了幼儿干预的二元方法的至关重要性。卫生和法律系统不仅应仅关注家庭暴力的病理学，还应从基于优势的角度概念化治疗和行动方案，以使 IPV 的受害者获得权力，并促进儿童的安全、健康和福祉。未来的研究应研究系统层面保护因素的作用。
本综述增加了积极的关系健康作为儿童健康的关键社会决定因素的证据。这将是设计干预措施的基础，这些干预措施可以保护儿童免受进一步伤害，并促进健康、繁荣和从暴力和创伤中恢复。
