膳食营养素摄入与年龄相关性眼病研究 1 和 2 中的认知功能。
Dietary nutrient intake and cognitive function in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 and 2.
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Appendices of the AREDS and AREDS2 Research Groups appear in supplementary material.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Oct;19(10):4311-4324. doi: 10.1002/alz.13033. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
INTRODUCTION
The objective was to analyze associations between dietary intake of multiple nutrients and altered cognitive function and/or decline.
METHODS
Observational analyses of participants (n = 6334) in two randomized trials of nutritional supplements for age-related macular degeneration: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2.
RESULTS
In AREDS, for 4 of 38 nutrients examined, higher intake quintiles were significantly associated with decreased risk of cognitive impairment on the Modified Mini-Mental State test (<80): β-carotene, copper, docosahexaenoic acid, and insoluble fiber. In AREDS2, for 13 of 44 nutrients, higher intake quintiles were associated with decreased risk on the Telephone Interview Cognitive Status-Modified (<30). Rate of cognitive decline over up to 10 years was not significantly different with higher intake of any nutrient.
DISCUSSION
Higher dietary intake of multiple nutrients, including specific vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, fatty acids, and fiber, was associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment but not slower decline in cognitive function.
简介
本研究旨在分析多种营养素的饮食摄入与认知功能改变和/或认知能力下降之间的关系。
方法
对 2 项与年龄相关性黄斑变性相关的营养补充剂随机临床试验（AREDS 和 AREDS2）中的参与者（n=6334）进行观察性分析。
结果
在 AREDS 研究中，在 38 种营养素中有 4 种，摄入最高五分位数与改良简易精神状态检查（<80 分）认知障碍风险降低显著相关：β-胡萝卜素、铜、二十二碳六烯酸和不可溶性纤维。在 AREDS2 研究中，在 44 种营养素中有 13 种，摄入最高五分位数与电话访谈认知状态修正版（<30 分）认知障碍风险降低相关。在长达 10 年的时间里，任何营养素摄入较高与认知功能下降的速度并无显著差异。
讨论
包括特定维生素、矿物质、类胡萝卜素、脂肪酸和纤维在内的多种营养素的较高饮食摄入与认知障碍风险降低相关，但与认知功能下降速度无显著相关性。
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