School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2024 May;50(3):285-299. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2023.2189950. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
infection (CDI) is a serious disease with a high recurrence rate. The single and mixed biofilms formed by in the gut contribute to the formation of recurrent CDI (rCDI). In parallel, other gut microbes influence the formation and development of biofilms, also known as symbiotic biofilms. Interactions between members within the symbiotic biofilm are associated with the worsening or alleviation of CDI. These interactions include effects on adhesion and chemotaxis, modulation of LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) system activity, promotion of cross-feeding by microbial metabolites, and regulation of intestinal bile acid and pyruvate levels. In the process of biofilms control, inhibition of initial biofilm formation and killing of vegetative cells and spores are the main targets of action. The role of symbiotic biofilms in CDI suggested that targeting interventions of -promoting gut microbes could indirectly inhibit the formation of mixed biofilms and improved the ultimate therapeutic effect. In summary, this review outlines the mechanisms of biofilm formation and summarises the treatment strategies for such single and mixed biofilms, aiming to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of CDI.
感染（CDI）是一种严重的疾病，复发率很高。在肠道中形成的单一和混合生物膜有助于复发性 CDI（rCDI）的形成。与此同时，其他肠道微生物也会影响生物膜的形成和发展，也称为共生生物膜。共生生物膜成员之间的相互作用与 CDI 的恶化或缓解有关。这些相互作用包括对粘附和趋化性的影响、LuxS/AI-2 群体感应（QS）系统活性的调节、微生物代谢物促进交叉喂养以及调节肠道胆汁酸和丙酮酸水平。在生物膜控制过程中，抑制初始生物膜形成和杀灭营养细胞和孢子是主要的作用靶点。共生生物膜在 CDI 中的作用表明，针对促进肠道微生物的干预措施可以间接抑制混合生物膜的形成，从而提高最终的治疗效果。总之，本综述概述了生物膜形成的机制，并总结了针对单一和混合生物膜的治疗策略，旨在为 CDI 的预防和治疗提供新的思路。
