State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Oral Dis. 2023 Sep;29(6):2366-2375. doi: 10.1111/odi.14568. Epub 2023 Apr 13.
The significant role of epigenetics has been revealed in normal enamel formation process and occurrence of developmental defects. This presented literature is aiming at summarizing the regulatory function of epigenetics in physiological amelogenesis process and reviewing the epigenetic mechanisms in occurrence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE), so as to provide biological foundation evidence to support early predication and clinical management of DDE.
An extensive literature review was conducted using electronic databases MEDLINE (through PubMed), Web of Science and EMBASE up to November 30, 2022. Studies about epigenetic effects on enamel tissue or cells associated with amelogenesis, including in vivo studies using human or animal models, and in vitro studies, are selected.
A total of 22 studies were included. Epigenetic factors or effects specifically activate or silence certain genes, which may regulate related biological activities including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, enamel secretion, and mineralization during the process of amelogenesis. Once the status of epigenetic modification is altered, the quantity and quality of enamel may both be disturbed, which can finally result in DDE.
Epigenetics plays a noteworthy role of regulating the amelogenesis process and DDE potentially by altering the expression levels of genes related to enamel formation, providing a new perspective of early predication and clinical management of DDE.
表观遗传学在正常牙釉质形成过程和发育缺陷的发生中起着重要作用。本文旨在总结表观遗传学在生理牙釉质形成过程中的调节功能，并综述牙釉质发育缺陷（DDE）发生中的表观遗传机制，为 DDE 的早期预测和临床管理提供支持。
通过 MEDLINE（通过 PubMed）、Web of Science 和 EMBASE 电子数据库，对截至 2022 年 11 月 30 日的文献进行广泛的文献回顾。选择与牙釉质形成相关的牙釉质组织或细胞的表观遗传影响的研究，包括使用人类或动物模型的体内研究和体外研究。
共纳入 22 项研究。表观遗传因素或效应特异性地激活或沉默某些基因，这些基因可能调节与牙釉质形成相关的相关生物学活性，包括细胞增殖、细胞分化、釉质分泌和矿化。一旦表观遗传修饰状态发生改变，釉质的数量和质量都可能受到干扰，最终导致 DDE。
表观遗传学通过改变与牙釉质形成相关的基因的表达水平，在调节牙釉质形成过程和 DDE 方面发挥着重要作用，为 DDE 的早期预测和临床管理提供了新的视角。
