Department of Odontology/Clinical Oral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
J Dent Res. 2023 Apr;102(4):383-390. doi: 10.1177/00220345221138532. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
Orofacial pain and joint-related dysfunction can negatively affect daily jaw function. A common cause for limitations in jaw movements is joint-related dysfunction such as various forms of catching and locking. However, knowledge is limited regarding the development and natural course of joint-related jaw dysfunction and its relationship to the onset and course of orofacial pain. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the incidence, prevalence, and gender differences in jaw catching/locking over time and in relation to orofacial pain in the general population. Data from 3 validated screening questions on orofacial pain and jaw catching/locking were collected from all routine dental checkups in the Public Dental Health Services in Västerbotten, Sweden, from 2010 to 2017. Logistic generalized estimating equation was used to account for repeated observations and Poisson regression for incidence analysis. In total, 180,308 individuals (aged 5-104 y) were screened in 525,707 dental checkups. In 2010, based on 37,647 individuals, the prevalence of self-reported catching/locking was higher in women than in men (3.2% vs. 1.5%; odds ratio, 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83-2.43), and this relationship and magnitude remained similar throughout the study period. The annual incidence rate was 1.1% in women and 0.5% in men. Women were at a higher risk than men for reporting both first onset (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 2.29; 95% CI, 2.11-2.49) and persistent (IRR, 2.31; 95% CI, 2.04-2.63) catching/locking. For the onset subcohort ( = 135,801), an independent onset of orofacial pain or jaw catching/locking exclusively was reported by 84.1%, whereas a concurrent onset was reported by 13.4%. Our findings of higher incidence, prevalence, and persistence in women than in men indicate that the gender differences seen for orofacial pain are evident also for jaw catching/locking. The findings also suggest independent onset of self-reported catching/locking and orofacial pain, which reinforces the pathophysiological differences between these conditions.
口颌面部疼痛和关节相关功能障碍会对日常下颌功能产生负面影响。下颌运动受限的一个常见原因是关节相关功能障碍，如各种形式的咬合和锁定。然而，对于关节相关下颌功能障碍的发展和自然进程及其与口颌面部疼痛的发生和进程的关系，我们的了解有限。因此，本研究旨在评估在普通人群中，随时间推移，口颌面部疼痛和下颌咬合/锁定的发生率、患病率和性别差异，以及其与口颌面部疼痛的关系。本研究从瑞典韦斯特博滕公共牙科保健服务的所有常规牙科检查中收集了关于口颌面部疼痛和下颌咬合/锁定的 3 个经过验证的筛查问题的数据，收集时间为 2010 年至 2017 年。使用逻辑广义估计方程来解释重复观察结果，使用泊松回归进行发病率分析。在总共 525707 次牙科检查中，对 180308 名（年龄 5-104 岁）个体进行了筛查。2010 年，基于 37647 名个体的数据，报告自我报告的咬合/锁定的女性患病率高于男性（3.2%比 1.5%；优势比，2.11；95%置信区间[CI]，1.83-2.43），这种关系和程度在整个研究期间保持相似。女性的年发病率为 1.1%，男性为 0.5%。与男性相比，女性报告首次发病（发病率比[IRR]，2.29；95%CI，2.11-2.49）和持续发病（IRR，2.31；95%CI，2.04-2.63）的风险更高。对于发病亚组（n=135801），84.1%报告了口颌面部疼痛或下颌咬合/锁定的单独发病，而 13.4%报告了同时发病。我们发现女性的发病率、患病率和持续性高于男性，这表明口颌面部疼痛的性别差异也存在于下颌咬合/锁定中。研究结果还表明，自我报告的咬合/锁定和口颌面部疼痛的独立发病，这也强化了这两种疾病之间的病理生理学差异。
