Hasti Farzam, Salmanmahiny Abdolrassoul, Rouhi Haydar, Sakieh Yousef, Joolaei Ramtin, Pezhooli Negin
Department of Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Mar 21;195(4):493. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11124-w.
Land use configuration in any given landscape is the result of a multi-objective optimization process, which takes into account different ecological, economic, and social factors. In this process, coordinating stakeholders is a key factor to successful spatial land use optimization. Stakeholders need to be modeled as players who have the ability to interact with each other towards their best solution, while considering multiple goals and constraints at the same time. Game theory provides a tool for land use planners to model and analyze such interactions. In order to apply the spatial allocation model and address stakeholder conflicts, an integrated model based on linear programming and game theory was designed in this study. For implementing such model, we conducted an optimal land use allocation process through multi-objective land allocation (MOLA) and linear programming methods. Then, two groups of environmental and land development players were considered to implement the optimization model. The game algorithm was used to select the appropriate constraint so that the result would be acceptable to all stakeholders. The results showed that during the third round of the game, the decision-making process and the optimization of land uses reached the desired Nash Equilibrium state and the conflict between stakeholders was resolved. Ultimately, in order to localize the results, a suitable solution was presented in a GIS environment.
任何给定景观中的土地利用配置都是一个多目标优化过程的结果，该过程考虑了不同的生态、经济和社会因素。在这个过程中，协调利益相关者是成功进行空间土地利用优化的关键因素。利益相关者需要被建模为能够相互作用以寻求最佳解决方案的参与者，同时要考虑多个目标和约束条件。博弈论为土地利用规划者提供了一个对这种相互作用进行建模和分析的工具。为了应用空间分配模型并解决利益相关者之间的冲突，本研究设计了一个基于线性规划和博弈论的综合模型。为了实施该模型，我们通过多目标土地分配（MOLA）和线性规划方法进行了最优土地利用分配过程。然后，考虑了两组环境和土地开发参与者来实施优化模型。使用博弈算法来选择合适的约束条件，以使结果能为所有利益相关者所接受。结果表明，在博弈的第三轮中，决策过程和土地利用优化达到了期望的纳什均衡状态，利益相关者之间的冲突得到了解决。最终，为了使结果本地化，在地理信息系统（GIS）环境中提出了一个合适的解决方案。
