Brunt Barbara A., Morris Melanie M.
Brunt Consulting Services
Evidence-based practice is “integrating the best available evidence with the healthcare educator’s expertise and the client’s needs while considering the practice environment. One of the roles of the nursing professional development (NPD) practitioner in the 2022 edition of the Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice is a champion for scientific inquiry. In this role, the NPD practitioner promotes a spirit of inquiry, generating and disseminating new knowledge and using evidence to advance NPD practice, guide clinical practice, and improve the quality of care for the healthcare consumer/partner. Scholarly inquiry is a standard of practice within that role. It is defined as “The NPD practitioner integrates scholarship, evidence, and research findings into practice” (p. 104). There is often confusion between quality improvement, evidence-based practice, and research. A seminal article by Shirey and colleagues differentiated these 3 topics. Evidence-based practice is a systematic problem-solving approach that is evidence-driven and translates new knowledge into clinical, administrative, and educational practice. Institutional Review Board approval is usually not required unless outcomes are intended for publication or the project could potentially expose individuals to harm. The evidence-based practice (EBP) process, as defined by Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt, includes 7 steps: : 1. Encouraging and supporting a spirit of inquiry. 2. Asking questions. 3. Searching for evidence. 4. Appraising the evidence. 5. Integrating evidence into practice. 6. Evaluating outcomes. 7. Sharing results. Implementing EBP in practice has been shown to lead to a higher quality of care and better patient outcomes, but nurses encounter many barriers when implementing EBP. NPD practitioners can facilitate the implementation of EBP by ensuring a supportive environment, providing educational sessions to nurses about the EBP process, being role models, and mentoring nurses.
循证实践是“在考虑实践环境的同时，将最佳可得证据与医疗保健教育者的专业知识以及客户的需求相结合”。在2022年版《护理实践范围和标准》中，护理专业发展（NPD）从业者的角色之一是科学探究的倡导者。在这个角色中，NPD从业者弘扬探究精神，生成并传播新知识，并运用证据来推进NPD实践、指导临床实践以及提高医疗保健消费者/合作伙伴的护理质量。学术探究是该角色中的一项实践标准。它被定义为“NPD从业者将学术研究、证据和研究结果整合到实践中”（第104页）。质量改进、循证实践和研究之间常常存在混淆。希里及其同事的一篇开创性文章对这三个主题进行了区分。循证实践是一种系统的解决问题方法，由证据驱动，并将新知识转化为临床、管理和教育实践。通常不需要机构审查委员会的批准，除非结果用于发表或该项目可能会使个人面临伤害风险。正如梅尔尼克和费诺特 - 奥弗霍尔特所定义的，循证实践（EBP）过程包括7个步骤：1. 鼓励和支持探究精神。2. 提出问题。3. 寻找证据。4. 评估证据。5. 将证据整合到实践中。6. 评估结果。7. 分享结果。在实践中实施循证实践已被证明能带来更高的护理质量和更好的患者结果，但护士在实施循证实践时会遇到许多障碍。NPD从业者可以通过确保支持性环境、为护士提供关于循证实践过程的教育课程、以身作则以及指导护士等方式来促进循证实践的实施。
