College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities, Chongzuo, Guangxi, China.
Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
PeerJ. 2023 Mar 16;11:e15028. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15028. eCollection 2023.
The interaction between plants and frugivores is crucial to ecosystem function and community diversity. However, little is known about the interaction between plants and frugivorous bird species in urban green spaces. We observed interactions between plants and frugivorous birds in the Guilin Botanical Garden for one year and determined the structure and characteristics of the interaction network. We also analyzed the impact of species traits on their network roles. Interactions between 14 frugivorous birds and 13 fruit plant species were recorded in the study area. Autumn interactions comprised 38.79% of the overall network, and winter interactions comprised 33.15%. The modularity (, -score) of the network was higher in autumn; the weighted nestedness (, -score) and interaction evenness ( , -score) of the network were higher in winter; the connectance (, -score) and interaction diversity (-score) of the network were higher in spring; and the specialization (, -score) of the network was higher in summer. The observed network showed lower , lower interaction , lower , lower , higher and higher when compared to the random networks. The bird species most important to network stability were , , and . The most important plant species were , , and . Of all the bird and plant traits included in this study, only plant color had a significant impact on species strength, with black fruit having a higher species strength. Our results suggest that interaction networks in urban green spaces can be temporally complex and variable and that a network approach can be an important monitoring tool for detecting the status of crucial ecosystem functions.
植物与传粉者的相互作用对生态系统功能和群落多样性至关重要。然而，人们对城市绿地中植物与食果鸟类之间的相互作用知之甚少。我们对桂林植物园进行了为期一年的观察，研究了植物与食果鸟类之间的相互作用，确定了相互作用网络的结构和特征。我们还分析了物种特征对其网络角色的影响。在研究区域记录了 14 种食果鸟类和 13 种果实植物之间的相互作用。秋季相互作用占整个网络的 38.79%，冬季相互作用占 33.15%。网络的模块性（，-score）在秋季较高；网络的加权嵌套性（，-score）和相互作用均匀性（，-score）在冬季较高；网络的连接度（，-score）和相互作用多样性（-score）在春季较高；网络的专业化（，-score）在夏季较高。与随机网络相比，观察到的网络具有较低的，较低的相互作用，较低的，较低的，较低的，较高的和较高的。对网络稳定性最重要的鸟类物种是、和。最重要的植物物种是、和。在所研究的所有鸟类和植物特征中，只有植物颜色对物种强度有显著影响，黑色果实具有更高的物种强度。我们的研究结果表明，城市绿地中的相互作用网络可能具有时间上的复杂性和可变性，网络方法可以成为检测关键生态系统功能状态的重要监测工具。
