Iqbal Mudassir, Broberg Anders, Andreasson Erik, Stenberg Johan A
Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 234 22, Lomma, Sweden.
Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
Phytopathology. 2023 Aug;113(8):1428-1438. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-02-23-0067-R. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Biological control is a promising approach to reduce plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens and ensure high productivity in horticultural production. In the present study, we evaluated the biocontrol potential and underlying mechanisms of the beneficial fungus against and , casual agents of gray mold and anthracnose diseases in strawberry. Notably, this is the first time that has been tested against in strawberry. strains (AP-30044, AP-30273, AP-53383, and AP-SLU6) showed significant variation in terms of growth and conidia production. An inverse relationship was found between the growth and conidiation rate, suggesting a trade-off between resource allocation for growth and conidial production. Dual plate co-culturing assays showed that mycelial growth of and was reduced by up to 35 and 18%, respectively, when challenged with compared with control treatments. Likewise, culture filtrates of showed varying levels of antifungal activity against and , reducing the mycelial biomass by up to 90 and 72%, respectively. Furthermore, milk powder plate assays showed that produced substantial amounts of extracellular proteases, which are known to degrade fungal cuticle. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analyses revealed that produced exophilins, liamocins, and free fatty acids known to have antifungal properties. shows high potential for successful biological control of strawberry diseases and discuss opportunities for further optimization of this beneficial fungus.
生物防治是一种很有前景的方法，可减少由真菌病原体引起的植物病害，并确保园艺生产中的高产量。在本研究中，我们评估了有益真菌对草莓灰霉病和炭疽病的病原菌灰葡萄孢菌和胶孢炭疽菌的生物防治潜力及潜在机制。值得注意的是，这是首次在草莓中测试该真菌对胶孢炭疽菌的防治效果。该真菌菌株（AP - 30044、AP - 30273、AP - 53383和AP - SLU6）在生长和分生孢子产生方面表现出显著差异。发现生长与分生孢子形成率之间呈负相关，这表明在生长资源分配和分生孢子产生之间存在权衡。双平板共培养试验表明，与对照处理相比，用该真菌挑战时，灰葡萄孢菌和胶孢炭疽菌的菌丝生长分别减少了35%和18%。同样，该真菌的培养滤液对灰葡萄孢菌和胶孢炭疽菌表现出不同程度的抗真菌活性，分别使菌丝生物量减少了90%和72%。此外，奶粉平板试验表明该真菌产生了大量已知可降解真菌角质层的细胞外蛋白酶。超高效液相色谱 - 质谱联用（UHPLC - MS）分析表明该真菌产生了已知具有抗真菌特性的嗜外菌素、利亚菌素和游离脂肪酸。该真菌在成功生物防治草莓病害方面具有很高潜力，并讨论了进一步优化这种有益真菌的机会。
