Speech Pathology Department, School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, Australia.
Clin Linguist Phon. 2024 Mar 3;38(3):203-226. doi: 10.1080/02699206.2023.2186765. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
When speech sound errors persist beyond childhood they are classified as residual speech errors (RSE) and may have detrimental impacts on an individual's social, educational and employment participation. Despite this, individuals who present with RSE are usually not prioritised on large caseloads. The aim of this literature review was to examine what intervention approaches are available in remediating RSE, and how effective are they for adolescents and adults? A systematised review was undertaken. Comprehensive and systematic searching included search of terms across seven databases, forward and reverse citation searching, and key author contact. Thirty articles underwent critical appraisal before data extraction. Inductive thematic analysis was done before completion of a narrative review. Twenty-three (76.6%) of the articles were from the US and most studies involved intervention for 'r' (90%). Intervention approaches for RSE involved traditional articulation therapy, auditory perceptual training, instrumental approaches, and approaches based on principles of motor learning. Twenty-one studies (70%) investigated the use of more than one intervention approach. Measures of intervention efficacy varied between studies; however, any intervention approach tended to be more successful if delivered in a more intensive schedule. A variety of approaches can be used for RSE, but a combination of high intensity, traditional therapy with adjunctive instrumental biofeedback may be most effective, especially with highly motivated individuals. Unfortunately, this usually requires costly equipment and training to implement. More information about the best dosage and intensity intervention for RSE, evaluated for a larger number of phonemes across other languages and dialects is required.
如果语音错误持续到儿童期之后，就会被归类为残余性语音错误（RSE），这可能会对个人的社交、教育和就业参与产生不利影响。尽管如此，患有 RSE 的个体通常不会在大量病例中得到优先处理。本文献综述的目的是探讨可用于矫正 RSE 的干预方法有哪些，以及它们对青少年和成年人的效果如何？我们进行了系统的综述。全面而系统的搜索包括在七个数据库中搜索术语、向前和向后引用搜索以及与主要作者联系。在进行数据提取之前，有 30 篇文章经过了严格评估。在完成叙述性综述之前，我们进行了归纳主题分析。其中 23 篇（76.6%）文章来自美国，大多数研究都涉及“r”的干预（90%）。RSE 的干预方法包括传统的发音疗法、听觉感知训练、仪器方法以及基于运动学习原理的方法。有 21 项研究（70%）调查了使用不止一种干预方法。干预效果的衡量标准因研究而异；然而，如果以更密集的时间表进行干预，任何干预方法往往都会更成功。有多种方法可用于 RSE，但高强度、传统疗法与附加仪器生物反馈相结合可能效果最佳，尤其是针对积极性高的个体。不幸的是，这通常需要昂贵的设备和培训来实施。需要更多关于 RSE 的最佳剂量和强度干预的信息，评估更多的语音在其他语言和方言中的效果。
