Bikis Addis
Department of Surveying Engineering, Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 May;30(22):62762-62781. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26443-1. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
Land use change occurs by altering natural landscape to manmade built environment. Rapid urban growth is the main factor for land use change at global level. Addis Ababa is one of the recent rapidly growing urban areas in Africa. Since 1983, the population has increased by nearly three times. However, the spatial expansion of the urban area has been much greater with urban sprawl, informal settlement, industry, condominium housing, and real estate development. The demand for urban land has been increasing at alarming rate both by city government, investors, and its residents. The city is primate and the population nine times the second largest city in the country. This study focused on quantifying and analyzing impact assessment of urban growth on land use change from 1986 to 2019. The study assessed the major change in extent and determinants of land use change through 33 years (1986-2019) and future growth scenario the next 30 years from 2019 to 2049. This study used Landsat image, base map of 1986, 1998, 2008, and 2019, to analyze built-up growth and land use change. Observation and interview have also taken to explore more on major urban growth and land use change driving factor from concerned bodies. The last, land use efficiency method was applied to measure land consumption rate and population growth rate. The result showed that in 1986, 1998, 2008, and 2019, built-up covered 21.83%, 42.31%, 59.42%, and 81.20% respectively. This shows that the agriculture and open space were rapidly changed to built-up by 32,486.67 hectares for housing, manufacturing, and infrastructure development. The result from concerned bodies has portrayed that the key determinants for urban land use change in the city were population growth at 4.2% per annum. Government led condominium housing, real estate development, and industrial development expansion including informal settlement has been rapidly reducing agriculture and open space through time. Therefore, unconventional planning approach could be exercised based on community interest for affordable high-rise building. Moreover, disseminate or decentralize industries beyond capital city in regional capital to reduce migration rate and rapid change of urban land use by creating employment opportunity and urban-urban linkage in the reginal capital rather than the capital city.
土地利用变化是通过将自然景观改变为人造建筑环境而发生的。快速的城市增长是全球层面土地利用变化的主要因素。亚的斯亚贝巴是非洲近期快速发展的城市地区之一。自1983年以来，人口增长了近两倍。然而，随着城市扩张、非正式定居点、工业、公寓住房和房地产开发，城市面积的空间扩张要大得多。城市政府、投资者及其居民对城市土地的需求一直在以惊人的速度增长。这座城市是首位城市，其人口是该国第二大城市的九倍。本研究聚焦于量化和分析1986年至2019年城市增长对土地利用变化的影响评估。该研究评估了33年（1986 - 2019年）期间土地利用变化在范围和决定因素方面的主要变化，以及从2019年到2049年未来30年的增长情景。本研究使用了陆地卫星图像、1986年、1998年、2008年和2019年的底图，来分析建成区增长和土地利用变化。还进行了观察和访谈，以进一步探究相关机构推动城市增长和土地利用变化的主要因素。最后，应用土地利用效率方法来衡量土地消耗率和人口增长率。结果显示，1986年、1998年、2008年和2019年，建成区分别占21.83%、42.31%、59.42%和81.20%。这表明农业和开放空间迅速转变为建成区，面积达32486.67公顷，用于住房、制造业和基础设施开发。相关机构的结果表明，该市城市土地利用变化的关键决定因素是每年4.2%的人口增长。政府主导的公寓住房、房地产开发以及包括非正式定居点在内的工业发展扩张，随着时间的推移一直在迅速减少农业和开放空间。因此，可以基于社区对经济适用高层建筑的兴趣，采用非常规的规划方法。此外，将产业分散到首都以外的地区首府，通过在地区首府而非首都创造就业机会和建立城市间联系，来降低移民率和城市土地利用的快速变化。
