School of Business, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
Institute of Transport Geography and Spatial Planning, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 8;17(5):1759. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051759.
Understanding the driving forces behind built-up land expansion is crucial in urban planning and management. Using the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration as research area, four landscape metrics were used to analyze landscape characteristics of urban expansion from 1990 to 2015. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to study the characteristics of built-up land expansion, while geographical detector was employed to identify the driving forces of urban land growth and their interactions. The results show the extent of built-up land has been increasing, the structure has become more complex, the level of fragmentation has been increasing, and the aggregation degree is in decline. The built-up landscape index shows spatial heterogeneity occurring in the core and peripheral towns of cities, as well as in the core and peripheral areas of the entire region. Also, changes in the built-up landscape index indicate increased spatial aggregation occurring in the past 25 years. Results from the geographical detector show natural, socio-economic, and transportation-related factors have substantial influence on built-up land expansion. Elevation, slope, population density, change in population density, and road network density were shown to have high influencing power. The influencing powers of slope and change in population density were also found to be different from other factors, highlighting their important role in urban development. Also, there were two types of interactions found, enhance nonlinear and enhance bivariate interactions, indicating the compounding influence of interactions between significant determinants. This study provides a new perspective and methodological approach in evaluating the driving forces behind built-up land expansion and their interactions.
理解城市建设用地扩张的驱动因素对于城市规划和管理至关重要。本研究以珠江三角洲城市群为研究区域，利用四种景观指标分析了 1990 年至 2015 年城市扩张的景观特征。采用空间自相关分析研究了建设用地扩张的特征，利用地理探测器识别城市土地增长的驱动力及其相互作用。结果表明，建设用地面积不断增加，结构日趋复杂，破碎化程度不断提高，聚集度呈下降趋势。建设用地景观指数呈现出城市核心区和边缘区以及整个区域核心区和边缘区的空间异质性。此外，建设用地景观指数的变化表明，在过去 25 年中，空间聚集度有所增加。地理探测器的结果表明，自然、社会经济和交通相关因素对建设用地扩张有很大影响。高程、坡度、人口密度、人口密度变化和路网密度的影响较大。坡度和人口密度变化的影响也与其他因素不同，突出了它们在城市发展中的重要作用。此外，还发现了两种类型的相互作用，增强非线性和增强二元相互作用，表明重要决定因素之间相互作用的复合影响。本研究为评估建设用地扩张的驱动力及其相互作用提供了新的视角和方法。
